Table 1.
List of mammal species endemic to the Caatinga, the Cerrado, or both, and their habitat and conservation statuses. Biome: (Ca), (Ce). Habitat: (F), open (O; e.g., campo limpo, cerrado sensu stricto; Oliveira and Marquis 2002), Locs: approximate number of localities for which voucher specimens exist according to the literature (see Species Accounts). IUCN: conservation status according to the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (Red List of Threatened Species version 3.1). ICMBio-MMA: conservation status according to the Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade-Ministério do Meio Ambiente of Brazil (ICMBio-MMA 2016). Categories for conservation statuses: (DD), (LC), (VU), (NT), (EN), (CR), (EX); species that have not been evaluated by the IUCN or the ICMBio-MMA are indicated with m-dashes. Differences with respect to previous lists (from the literature) are discussed in the Results section.
| Order, Family | Species | Biome | Habitat | Locs. | IUCN | ICMBio-MMA |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae | Chiroderma vizottoi | Ca | F | 4 | – | – |
| Lonchophylla inexpectata | Ca | F, O1 | 3 | – | – | |
| Xeronycteris vieirai | Ca | O2 | 6 | DD | VU | |
| Primates, Pitheciidae | Callicebus barbarabrownae | Ca | F | >15 | CR | CR |
| Rodentia, Caviidae | Galea spixii | Ca | O | >15 | LC | – |
| Kerodon rupestris | Ca | O | >15 | LC | VU | |
| Rodentia, Cricetidae | Rhipidomys cariri | Ca | F | 10 | DD | VU |
| Wiedomys pyrrhorhinos | Ca | F, O | 14 | LC | – | |
| Rodentia, Echimyidae | Thrichomys inermis | Ca | F, O | 12 | LC | – |
| Trinomys yonenagae | Ca | O | 2 | EN | EN | |
| Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae | Thylamys (Xerodelphis) velutinus | Ce | O | 7 | NT | VU |
| Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae | Lonchophylla bokermanni | Ce | F, O1 | 4 | EN | – |
| Lonchophylla dekeyseri | Ce | F, O | 6 | EN | EN | |
| Primates, Cebidae | Callithrix penicillata | Ce | F, O | >15 | LC | – |
| Rodentia, Caviidae | Kerodon acrobata | Ce | F, O | 5 | DD | VU |
| Rodentia, Cricetidae | Calassomys apicalis | Ce | O | 2 | – | – |
| Calomys tocantinsi | Ce | F, O | 10 | LC | – | |
| Cerradomys marinhus | Ce | F, O | 2 | DD | – | |
| Euryoryzomys lamia | Ce | F3 | 3 | EN | EN | |
| Gyldenstolpia planaltensis | Ce | O | 3 | – | – | |
| Juscelinomys candango | Ce | O | 1 | EX | CR/EX | |
| Juscelinomys huanchacae | Ce | O | 4 | DD | – | |
| Microakodontomys transitorius | Ce | F, O | 2 | EN | EN | |
| Oecomys cleberi | Ce | F | 4 | DD | – | |
| Oligoryzomys moojeni | Ce | F, O | 7 | DD | – | |
| Oligoryzomys rupestris | Ce | O | 3 | DD | EN | |
| Thalpomys cerradensis | Ce | O | >15 | LC | VU | |
| Thalpomys lasiotis | Ce | O | 10 | LC | EN | |
| Wiedomys cerradensis | Ce | F, O | 3 | DD | – | |
| Rodentia, Echimyidae | Carterodon sulcidens | Ce | O | 12 | DD | – |
| Phyllomys brasiliensis | Ce | F, O | 2 | EN | EN | |
| Thrichomys apereoides | Ce | O | 15 | LC | – | |
| Didelphimorphia, Didelphidae | Cryptonanus agricolai | Ca, Ce | F, O4 | 10 | DD | – |
| Thylamys (Xerodelphis) karimii | Ca, Ce | F, O | >15 | VU | – | |
| Cingulata, Dasypodidae | Tolypeutes tricinctus | Ca, Ce | F, O | >15 | VU | EN |
| Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae | Micronycteris sanborni | Ca, Ce | F, O | 13 | DD | – |
| Primates, Cebidae | Cebus (Sapajus) libidinosus | Ca, Ce | F, O | >15 | LC | – |
| Carnivora, Canidae | Lycalopex vetulus | Ca, Ce | O | >15 | LC | VU |
| Rodentia, Cricetidae | Calomys expulsus | Ca, Ce | F, O | >15 | LC | – |
| Oligoryzomys stramineus | Ca, Ce | F, O | >15 | LC | – | |
| Oxymycterus delator | Ca, Ce | O | >15 | LC | – | |
| Rodentia, Echimyidae | Trinomys albispinus | Ca, Ce | F | 12 | LC | – |
| Trinomys minor | Ca, Ce | O | 3 | – | – |
Unpublished observations suggest that Lonchophylla inexpectata, Lonchophylla bokermanni, and Lonchophylla dekeyseri occur in open and forest habitat types (R. Moratelli in litt. for Lonchophylla inexpectata and Lonchophylla bokermanni; personal observations for Lonchophylla dekeyseri).
Xeronycteris vieirai is associated to outcroppings in open habitats; however, some of this outcroppings are located near forests, and it is likely that the species forages in them (M. Nogueira in litt.).
Two of the three known localities known for Euryoryzomys lamia correspond to transitional areas between gallery forest and open habitats (see Bonvicino et al. 1998).
Currently available records for Cryptonanus agricolai suggest that it occurs in open habitats as well as in enclaves of moist forests within the Caatinga locally known as brejos de altitude.