Skip to main content
. 2017 Jan 16;16(1):93–103. doi: 10.1111/acel.12543

Figure 2.

Figure 2

GMH5‐GAL4‐driven dFOXO overexpression ameliorates heart function decline in aging Drosophila melanogaster. (A). M‐mode kymographs of beating one‐week control and dFOXO‐overexpressing hearts demonstrate that both lines exhibited similar myocardial performance. At 7 weeks, dysfunction was apparent in control hearts, while dFOXO‐overexpressing hearts were protected. Red arrowheads delineate cardiac wall edges. (B) High‐speed video microscopy and motion analysis software (Cammarato et al., 2015) were used to quantitatively analyze beating D. melanogaster hearts at 1 and 7 weeks. Myogenic cardiac output was significantly reduced; heart period, arrhythmicity index, and diastolic interval were significantly elevated; and myocardial relengthening rate was significantly reduced in aged relative to young control flies. These age‐dependent changes in cardiac performance were ameliorated in the hearts of dFOXO‐overexpressing flies (n = 46–72, two‐way ANOVA, Bonferroni post‐hoc test). Transverse stiffness at the CC ventral midline was measured via AFM‐based nanoindentation (Kaushik et al., 2015). dFOXO overexpression eliminated stiffening normally observed from 1 through 5 weeks in control hearts (n = 24–31, two‐way ANOVA, Bonferroni post‐hoc test).