Table 2.
Deaths After Release From Prison by Leading Causes, Overall and by Sex
| Variable | Overall (n = 76 208)
|
Men (n = 63 979)
|
Women (n = 12 229)
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Deaths, n | Deaths per 100 000 Person-Years (95% CI) | Deaths, n | Deaths per 100 000 Person-Years (95% CI) | Deaths, n | Deaths per 100 000 Person-Years (95% CI) | |
| All-cause death | 2462 | 737 (708–766) | 2124 | 752 (720–784) | 338 | 653 (583–722) |
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| Unintentional injuries | 828 | 248 (231–265) | 683 | 242 (224–260) | 145 | 280 (234–326) |
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| Overdose | 558 | 167 (153–181) | 436 | 154 (140–169) | 122 | 236 (194–277) |
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| Motor vehicle accidents | 183 | 55 (47–63) | 168 | 60 (50–68) | 15 | 29 (14–44) |
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| Drowning | 23 | 7 (4–10) | 22 | 8 (5–11) | 1 | 2 (0–11) |
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| Cardiovascular diseases | 319 | 95 (85–106) | 290 | 103 (91–114) | 29 | 56 (36–76) |
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| Ischemic heart | 170 | 51 (43–59) | 159 | 56 (48–65) | 11 | 21 (9–34) |
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| Cerebrovascular | 39 | 12 (8–15) | 30 | 11 (7–14) | 9 | 17 (8–33) |
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| Hypertensive heart | 36 | 11 (7–14) | 33 | 12 (8–16) | 3 | 6 (1–17) |
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| Cancer | 238 | 71 (62–80) | 205 | 73 (63–83) | 33 | 64 (42–85) |
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| Lung | 86 | 26 (20–31) | 72 | 25 (20–31) | 14 | 27 (13–41) |
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| Liver | 32 | 10 (6–13) | 29 | 10 (7–14) | 3 | 6 (1–17) |
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| Blood/lymph | 21 | 6 (4–9) | 19 | 7 (4–10) | 2 | 4 (0–14) |
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| Esophagus/stomach | 18 | 5 (3–8) | 17 | 6 (3–9) | 1 | 2 (0–11) |
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| Pancreas | 10 | 3 (1–5) | 8 | 3 (1–6) | 2 | 4 (0–14) |
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| Homicide | 219 | 66 (57–74) | 213 | 75 (65–86) | 6 | 12 (4–25) |
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| By firearm | 163 | 49 (41–56) | 159 | 56 (48–65) | 4 | 8 (2–20) |
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| Suicide | 212 | 63 (55–72) | 191 | 68 (58–77) | 21 | 41 (23–58) |
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| By firearm | 43 | 13 (9–17) | 41 | 15 (10–19) | 2 | 4 (0–14) |
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| Infectious disease | 158 | 47 (40–55) | 136 | 48 (40–56) | 22 | 42 (25–60) |
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| Viral hepatitis | 69 | 21 (16–26) | 59 | 21 (16–26) | 10 | 19 (7–31) |
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| HIV | 37 | 11 (8–15) | 31 | 11 (7–15) | 6 | 12 (4–25) |
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| Septicemia | 21 | 6 (4–9) | 17 | 6 (3–9) | 4 | 8 (2–20) |
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| Pneumonia | 19 | 6 (3–8) | 17 | 6 (3–9) | 2 | 4 (0–14) |
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| Liver disease | 73 | 22 (17–27) | 66 | 23 (18–29) | 7 | 14 (5–28) |
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| Alcoholic | 58 | 17 (13–22) | 53 | 19 (14–24) | 5 | 10 (3–23) |
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| Respiratory disease | 67 | 20 (15–25) | 52 | 18 (13–23) | 15 | 29 (14–44) |
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| Lower respiratory disease | 42 | 13 (9–16) | 35 | 12 (8–16) | 7 | 14 (5–28) |
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| Diabetes mellitus | 49 | 15 (11–19) | 46 | 16 (12–21) | 3 | 6 (1–17) |
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| Kidney disease | 12 | 4 (2–6) | 12 | 4 (2–7) | 0 | 0 (0–7) |
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| Other | 287 | 86 (76–96) | 230 | 81 (71–92) | 57 | 110 (82–130) |