Fig 2. Experimental results on infectivity and pathogen load following spore exposure to sun or shade treatments for 0, 6, 11 or 16 days.

(a) Proportion of monarchs infected following inoculation with spores on milkweed leaves exposed for 0 days (n = 27); 6 days, in either sun (n = 15) or shade conditions (n = 15); 11 days in sun (n = 23) or shade (n = 24); or 16 days in sun (n = 25) or shade (n = 19). Error bars show Jeffrey’s 95% confidence intervals for binary data. (b) Pathogen load (log-transformed) of monarchs infected with spores exposed for 0 days (n = 22); 6 days, in either sun (n = 10) or shade conditions (n = 11); 11 days in sun (n = 14) or shade (n = 18); or 16 days in sun (n = 17) or shade (n = 16). Error bars show standard error of the mean.