Table 1. Characteristics of included studies and patients.
| References (year) | Country | Study type | Single vs multi center | ARMs type | Group | Male/female | Age at surgery (months) | Weight at surgery (kg) | With/ without colostomy done | Associated anomalies | Follow-up (months) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LAARP | PSARP | LAARP | PSARP | LAARP | PSARP | LAARP | PSARP | LAARP | PSARP | |||||||
| Kudou et al, 2005[19] | Japan | RC | Single | HARM | 13 | 7 | - | - | 7.1 ± 3.0 | 5.3 ± 2.8 | - | - | 20/0 | Spinal lipoma, lactose intolerance | 51 ± 10 | 73 ± 12 |
| Yang et al, 2009[20] | China | RCT | Single | HARM | 11 | 12 | 11/0 | 8/4 | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | - | - | 23/0 | - | 17.4 ± 4.9 | 19.3 ± 6.2 |
| Bailez et al, 2010[21] | Argentina | RC | Single | RVF | 5 | 3 | 0/5 | 0/3 | 21.4 | 22.6 | - | - | 8/0 | Genitourinary defects, spinal column defects, tracheoesophageal fistula | 64 | 67 |
| Bailez et al, 2011[22] | Argentina | RC | Single | RPF | 9 | 8 | 9/0 | 8/0 | - | - | - | - | 17/0 | Megasigmoid | 91.08 (73.32–104.4) | 156 (127.2–187.2) |
| De Vos et al, 2011[23] | South Africa | RC | Single | HIIA | 20 | 19 | 18/2 | 10/9 | 8.2 | 8 | - | - | - | VACTERL association, Down's syndrome, Baller-Gerold syndrome | 66 | 70.8 |
| Tong et al, 2011[24] | China | RC | Single | HARM | 33 | 28 | 27/6 | 23/5 | 5.3 (3–10) | 4.9 (3–11) | 6.8 ± 1.4 | 6.4 ± 1.7 | 60/1 | - | 38.2 ± 12.4 | 42.3 ± 14.3 |
| Wong et al, 2011[25] | China | RC | Single | HIIA | 18 | 20 | 11/7 | 14/6 | 5.4 (2–10) | 10.1 (1–36) | - | - | - | - | > 60 | - |
| England et al, 2012[26] | South Africa | RC | Single | HIIA | 24 | 19 | 21/3 | - | 7 (2–15) | 8 (4–39) | - | - | 43/0 | Vertebral, cardiac, renal, limb, dysmorphism, rib fusion | 36 (12–60) | 72 (12–144) |
| Ming et al, 2014[27] | China | RC | Single | RB/RP-ARMs | 32 | 34 | - | - | 6.5 (3–9) | 6.9 (3–12) | - | - | - | - | 75.6 (6–132) | 186 (132–240) |
| Yazaki et al, 2016[28] | Japan | PC | Single | • RPF • RBF |
• 12 • 14 |
• 7 • 12 |
• 12/0 • 14/0 |
• 7/0 • 12/0 |
• 7.6 ± 3.0 • 8.1 ± 4.0 |
• 4.0 ± 3.5 • 8.2 ± 5.1 |
- | - | 45/0 | - | • 99.3 ± 55.5 • 76.6 ± 56.9 |
• 261.0 ± 49.2 • 148.0 ± 56.1 |
ARMs, anorectal malformations; HIIA, high/intermediate-type imperforate anus; HARM, high anorectal malformations; RVF, rectovaginal fistula; RPF, recto-prostatic fistula; RBF, recto-bulbar fistula; RB/RP-ARMs, recto-bladder-neck and recto-prostatic anorectal malformations; LAARP, laparoscopically assisted anorectal pull-through; PSARP, posterior sagittal anorectoplasty; RC, retrospective cohort; PC, prospective cohort; RCT, randomized controlled trial.