Fig. 8.

Macroalbuminuric sera from human patients with type 1 diabetes activate NM-IIA in cultured human podocytes. (A) The activity of NM-IIA, visualized by increased level of pp-RLC, is increased by 75% in human podocytes treated with macroalbuminuric sera from patients with type 1 diabetes compared to treatment with normoalbuminuric sera. The expression levels of NMHC-II and septin 7 do not change. Tubulin is included as a loading control. (B–D) Quantification of the expression levels of NMHC-IIA, septin 7 and pp-RLC in (A) normalized to tubulin. (E–F) Duolink proximity ligation assay showing interaction between septin 7 and SNAP23 in podocytes treated with sera from patients with type 1 diabetes presenting either normo- or macroalbuminuria. Each red spot represents an interaction detected by the kit. (G) Quantification of the spots as in (E–F). Scale bar, 30 µm. Bars show the mean and error bars STDEV of two independent experiments, Student's t-test. * p<0.05.