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. 2016 Oct 11;92(8):346–357. doi: 10.2183/pjab.92.346

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© 2016 The Japan Academy

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — Appetitive and aversive memories are impaired by blocking different subsets of dopamine neurons. (A) Schematic diagram of the mushroom body projections of dopamine neurons labelled by TH-GAL4. The ambient temperature is 32 ℃ throughout the experiment. (B) Time course of conditioned odor choice tested 2 hours after training with electric shock. n = 11, 8, 11. Estimated t_half = 2.55 sec, 5.36 sec for TH-GAL4/+, UAS-shi/+ flies, respectively. (C) Averaged performance over the last 60 sec. ***: P < 0.001; one-way ANOVA and a two-tailed unpaired t-test followed by Bonferroni correction (planned pairwise comparisons). (D) Schematic diagram of the mushroom body projections of dopamine neurons labelled by R58E02-GAL4. (E) Time course of conditioned odor choice tested 2 hours after training with the sugar reward. n = 4 for each. Estimated t_half = 12.16 sec, 4.46 sec for 58E02-GAL4/+, UAS-shi/+ flies, respectively. (F) Averaged performance over the last 60 sec. ***: P < 0.001; one-way ANOVA and a two-tailed unpaired t-test followed by Bonferroni correction (planned pairwise comparisons).