Table 1.
The characteristics of the included studies.
| Authors | Ghahreman et al. | Wang et al. | Archavlis and Carvi y Nievas | Kotani et al. | Parker et al. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year | 2010 | 2010 | 2013 | 2012 | 2014 |
| Study design | PCT | PCT | PCT | PCT | PCT |
| Country | Australia | China | Germany | Japan | USA |
| Age (years) | MI: 53 (40–61) OP: 60 (48–63) |
MI: 47.9 ± 8.5 OP: 53.2 ± 10.6 |
MI: 67 ± 8 OP: 68 ± 7 |
MI: 63 ± 9 OP: 66 ± 9 |
MI: 53.5 ± 12.5 OP: 52.6 ± 11.6 |
| Number of participants | MI: 25 OP: 27 |
MI: 42 OP: 43 |
MI: 24 OP: 25 |
MI: 43 OP: 37 |
MI: 50 OP: 50 |
| Gender | |||||
| Male | MI: 12; OP: 13 | MI: 13; OP: 16 | MI: 14; OP: 10 | MI: 14; OP: 12 | MI: 16; OP: 18 |
| Female | MI: 13; OP: 14 | MI: 29; OP: 27 | MI: 17; OP: 8 | MI: 29; OP: 25 | MI: 34; OP: 32 |
| Index levels | |||||
| L3-4 | MI: 0; OP: 2 | MI: 3; OP: 3 | MI: 2; OP: 1 | 4 | MI: 4; OP: 3 |
| L4-5 | MI: 11; OP: 10 | MI: 21; OP: 23 | MI: 16; OP: 17 | 76 | MI: 32; OP: 30 |
| L5-S1 | MI: 11; OP: 15 | MI: 18; OP: 17 | MI: 6; OP: 7 | — | MI: 14; OP: 17 |
| L4-S1 | MI: 3; OP: 0 | — | — | — | — |
| Follow-up term (months) | 12 | 26 (13–35) | 24 | MI: 32 (24–49); OP: 40 (24–60) |
24 |
MI: minimally invasive TLIF group; OP: open TLIF group; PCT: prospective comparative trials.