Intervention category and description of interventions identified by review	Nuffield intervention ladder definitiona
Trans fat law: Restriction of all food service establishments, including both chain and non‐chain food outlets, from using, storing or serving food that contains partially hydrogenated vegetable oil and has a total of 0.5 g or more trans fat per serving	Restrict choice
Changing pre‐packed children's meal content: Pre‐packed meal content changed to include healthier options, smaller portion sizes of less healthy options and/or removal of other less healthy options	Restrict choice
Food outlet award schemes: Interventions that include an assessment of food outlet practice(s) using predefined criteria, together with some sort of accreditation if the food outlet met the criteria	Restrict choice (variable depending on scheme, but those included in this review were all categorized as restrict choice)
Price increases for unhealthier choices: Price increase applied to less healthy menu options	Guide choice (disincentives)
Incentive (contingent reward): A conditional reward is provided only after the target behaviour (e.g. choice of a healthier option) is performed	Guide choice (incentives)
Price reductions for healthier choices: Price reduction applied to healthier menu options	Guide choice (incentives)
Signposting: Interventions that highlighted to customers the healthier, or less healthy, menu options available	Enable choice
Telemarketing of healthy food choices: Phone‐based direct marketing strategy; variety of free services offered to businesses including menu guidelines for the provision of healthy choices	Enable choice
Calorie labelling law: Mandatory posting of calorie values of each option on menus in chain food outlets	Provide information
Voluntary calorie labelling: Voluntary posting of calorie values of each option on menus in chain food outlets	Provide information
Personalized receipts: Receipts that included personalized suggestions designed to reduce fat and calorie consumption	Provide information

^aDefinition from the Nuffield ladder 18 starting with the most intrusive; eliminate choice, restrict choice, guide choice (disincentives), guide choice (incentives), guide choice (default policy), enable choice, provide information, do nothing.