Table IV.

Cox proportional hazards regression models to estimate cancer development.

Characteristics	HR	95% CI	P-value
Univariate analysis
Age (>70 vs. ≤70 years)	1.44	0.74–2.89	0.285
Gender (male vs. female)	1.58	0.72–3.29	0.239
Histology (HGD vs. LGD)	2.57	1.23–5.77	0.011
ALDH1 expression (positive vs. negative)	2.91	1.37–6.92	0.005
Podoplanin expression (positive vs. negative)	2.95	1.32–7.89	0.007
Multivariate analysis (histology, ALDH1 and podoplanin expression)
Histology (HGD vs. LGD)	1.55	0.68–3.81	0.306
ALDH1 expression (positive vs. negative)	3.02	1.39–7.38	0.004
Podoplanin expression (positive vs. negative)	2.62	1.04–7.59	0.039
Multivariate analysis (histology, and co-expression of ALDH1 and podoplanin)
Histology (HGD vs. LGD)	1.61	0.72–3.84	0.253
Co expression of ALDH1 and podoplanin	3.64	1.71–8.25	<0.001
Present vs. absent

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; ALDH1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 1; LGD, low-grade dysplasia; HGD, high-grade dysplasia.