Table 3.

Fixed Effect Estimates from Multilevel Models Predicting Change in Symptom Severity from Preschool Sleep Problems (n= 292)

	B	SE	t	p
DV: MDD Severity
Intercept	2.91	0.25	11.58	0.000
Child Age	0.09	0.23	3.22	0.001
Family Income-to-Needs	−0.17	0.06	−2.85	0.005
Maternal Internalizing	−0.75	0.14	−5.37	0.000
Time it takes until sleep initiation	0.00	0.00	2.34	0.020
Refusal to Sleep Alone *y/n	−0.68	0.27	−2.53	0.012
Nighttime Awakenings	0.06	0.14	0.41	0.685
Age*Sleep initiation time	0.00	0.00	0.15	0.879
Age*Refusal to sleep alone	−0.00	0.04	−0.11	0.915
DV: GAD/SAD Severity
Intercept	5.87	0.33	17.56	0.000
Child Age	−0.24	0.03	−7.68	0.000
Family Income-to-Needs	−0.17	−.08	−2.17	0.031
Maternal Internalizing	−0.75	0.19	−3.99	0.000
Time it takes until sleep initiation	0.00	0.00	2.97	0.003
Refusal to Sleep Alone *y/n	−2.30	0.35	−6.59	0.000
Nighttime Awakenings	−0.09	0.19	−0.45	0.653
Age*Sleep initiation time	−0.00	0.00	01.35	0.177
Age*Refusal to sleep alone	0.15	0.04	3.63	0.000
DV: ADHD severity
Intercept	6.64	0.66	10.05	0.000
Child Age	−0.03	0.06	−0.50	0.62
Family Income-to-Needs	−0.59	0.17	−3.58	0.000
Maternal Internalizing	−1.78	0.39	−4.48	0.000
Time it takes until sleep initiation	0.00	0.00	1.96	0.05
Refusal to Sleep Alone *y/n	−0.24	0.67	−0.36	0.721
Nighttime Awakenings	0.09	0.41	0.23	0.819
Age*Sleep initiation time	0.00	0.00	0.14	0.890
Age*Refusal to sleep alone	−0.13	0.07	−1.79	0.074

Note: MDD- major depressive disorder; GAD/SAD- generalized anxiety disorder/separation anxiety disorder; ADHD- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder