TABLE 2.
Changes in levels of CAMs in HIV-infected patients
| CAM | Levels of CAM in HIV infection (refs)a | Correlation with clinical stage (refs) | Correlation with CD4+ T-cell count (refs) | Effect of HAART on CAM levels (refs) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Selectins | ||||
| sLs | Increased (45, 81) | NDb | None (45) | Decreased (45) |
| sPs | Increased (6, 8, 89) | None (8) | ND | No effect (89) |
| sEs | Increased (52, 73, 75) | Positive (75) | Positive (52) | No effect (45) |
| Normal (3, 28, 45) | None (52) | None (45, 75) | ||
| Immunoglobulin superfamily | ||||
| sICAM-1 | Increased (1, 3, 19, 21, 25, 26, 28, 33, 45, 50, 52, 54, 64, 65, 77, 89, 91) | Positive (1, 25, 26, 28, 33, 52, 64, 77) | Inverse (25, 64, 78) | No effect (45) |
| None (50, 54) | None (21, 28, 33, 45, 50, 52, 91) | Decreased (89) | ||
| sICAM-2 and -3 | Increased (26, 45) | ND | None (45) | Decreased (45) |
| sVCAM-1 | Increased (3, 17, 26, 28, 45, 52, 89) | Positive (52) | Inverse (52) | Decreased (17, 45, 89) |
| None (26) | None (28, 45) | |||
| sCD40L | Increased (79, 89) | None (79) | Positive (79) | No effect (89) |
| Increased (79) |
a
refs, references.
b
ND, not defined.