Figure 2.

High foraging costs had little effect on mortality rates for birds from (a) benign developmental conditions. In contrast, for birds from (b) harsh development conditions, high foraging costs increased baseline mortality rate (Gompertz A) and decreased actuarial senescence (Gompertz B). Dots show mortality per half year. Lines show Gompertz fits. Graphs for the four groups together are shown in electronic supplementary material, figure S3b. (c) Posterior distributions of Gompertz parameters overlap for birds from benign developmental conditions (BB and BH) but little for birds from harsh developmental conditions (HB and HH). Treatment abbreviations as for figure 1. (Online version in colour.)