Table 1.

The volatile compounds (aliquots) used in the artificial dung odours of territorial male, oestrous female and control 2 (common herbivore dung odours). These substances were mixed together and then 1 ml of the solution added to 1 l of water to create a mixture in which we soaked the artificial bolus.

VOC name	functional group	territorial male treatment	oestrous female treatment	control treatment 2
phenol	benzenoid	1	1	1
acetophenone	benzenoid	1	1	1
p-cresol	benzenoid	1	1	1
m-cresol	benzenoid	1	1	1
nonanal	hydrocarbon aldehyde	1	1	—
decanal	hydrocarbon aldehyde	1	1	—
acetic acid	hydrocarbon acid	3	1	—
butyric acid	hydrocarbon acid	3	1	—
isobutyric acid	hydrocarbon acid	3	1	—
2-methylbutyric acid	hydrocarbon acid	3	1	—
(E)-caryophyllene	sesquiterpene	1	1	—