Figure 2. Model outlining the roles STAT5 plays in T regulatory biology in both the thymus and the periphery.

STAT5 activation (pSTAT5) is required to complete the differentiation of thymic regulatory T (tTreg) cells and initiate the differentiation of peripherally induced regulatory T (pTreg) cells. STAT5 is also critical for the maintenance of Foxp3 expression, via binding the Cns2 regulatory region in Foxp3, and the suppressor phenotype of regulatory T cells.