Table 1.
Characteristics of 275 premenopausal women from two soy intervention studiesa
| Characteristic | BEAN1 | BEAN2 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | Control | ||
| N | 109 | 111 | 96 |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Asian | 41 (40%) | 44 (38%) | 26 (27%) |
| Caucasian | 42 (39%) | 46 (41%) | 48 (50%) |
| Native Hawaiian | 14 (13%) | 13 (12%) | 16 (17%) |
| Other | 12 (11%) | 8 (7%) | 6 (6%) |
| Age, years | 43.2 (2.7) | 42.8 (2.9) | 39.1 (6.4) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 26.2 (5.5) | 25.9 (5.9) | 25.9 (5.6) |
| Number of children | 1.7 (1.2) | 1.7 (1.6) | 1.5 (1.3) |
| Biomarkers measured (Number of women) | |||
| Serum estrogens, progesterone, SHBG | 100 | 105 | 79 |
| Serum IGF proteins | 97 | 99 | |
| Serum CRP, IL-6, adiponectin, leptin | 90 | 93 | |
| NAF volume | 96 | ||
| NAF estrogens | 79 | ||
| Urinary estrogens | 93 | 95 | 79 |
| Urinary isoflavones | 108 | 110 | 82 |
| Mammographic density | 108 | 110 | |
a
Data are presented as mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise noted.
Abbreviations: E1: estrone; E2: estradiol; SHBG: sex hormone-binding globulin; Prog: progesterone; IGF: insulin-like growth factor; CRP: C-reactive protein; IL-6: interleukin 6; NAF: nipple aspirate fluid.