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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nutr Cancer. 2016 Dec 5;69(1):146–153. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2017.1250924

Table 3.

Mean Estrogen Levels in Serum and Nipple Aspirate Fluid in the BEAN2 Study at Baseline and After 6 months of Low soy or High soy Intervention, Stratified by Ethnicitya

Baseline
(BL)
Low soy
(LS)
High soy
(HS)
Change
(BL to LS)
Change
(BL to HS)
Pdietb Pethnicityc Pinteractiond
Serum E1 (ng/mL)
  All 106 116 107 12 4 0.42 0.33 0.53
  Asian 103 95 105 −6 5
  Non-Asian 107 124 108 19 4
Serum E2 (pg/mL)
  All women 152 175 152 26 4 0.44 0.59 0.61
  Asian 148 151 149 4 4
  Non-Asian 154 184 153 33 5
NAF volume (µL)
  All 33 28 33 −8 −3 0.64 0.01 0.77
  Asian 22 26 29 1 4
  Non-Asian 37 29 34 −11 −6
NAF E1S (ng/mL)
  All 56 76 49 12 −12 0.04 0.02 0.70
  Asian 48 67 45 11 −6
  Non-Asian 60 78 50 12 −14
NAF E2 (pg/mL)
  All 130 141 120 −4 −19 0.29 0.19 0.87
  Asian 103 128 111 6 6
  Non-Asian 140 145 123 −7 −27
a

Abbreviations: E1 estrone; E2 estradiol; E1S: estrone sulfate; NAF: nipple aspirate fluid.

b

P-values were obtained from mixed general linear models evaluating the difference between the low and high soy diet.

c

P-values for ethnicity as a fixed effect.

d

P-values represent interaction terms of ethnicity with dietary assignment, i.e., low soy diet vs. high soy diet.