Table 1.

Main measures and definitions corresponding to autobiographical belief, recollective experience and memory confidence in studies of false memory for childhood events

Measure	Paradigm	Memory aspect assessed	Description
Life Events Inventory (Garry et al., 1996)	Imagination inflation	Autobiographical belief	Self‐report rating: 1 ‘definitely did not happen’ to 8 ‘definitely did happen’
Autobiographical Beliefs and Memory Questionnaire (Scoboria et al., 2004)	Imagination inflation, false feedback, memory implantation	Autobiographical belief	Self‐report rating: 1 ‘definitely did not happen’ to 8 ‘definitely happened’
		Recollective experience
			Self‐report rating: 1 ‘no memory at all’ to 8 ‘clear and complete memory’
Food History Inventory (Bernstein et al., 2005a)	False feedback	Autobiographical belief	Self‐report rating: 1 ‘definitely did not happen’ to 8 ‘definitely did happen’
Memory/belief form (Bernstein et al., 2005a)	False feedback	Autobiographical belief versus recollective experience	Self‐report rating: 1 ‘a specific memory for the event’; 2 ‘a belief that the event happened, but [without] a specific memory’; 3 ‘positive that the event did not happen to you’
Memory definition (Loftus & Pickrell, 1995)	Memory implantation	Recollective experience	Investigator‐based rating: 1 full recall; 2 partial recall including remembering parts of event and speculations about how and when it might have happened
Memory definition (Hyman et al., 1995, Experiment 2)	Memory implantation	Recollective experience	Investigator‐based rating: Memory included as false recall if descriptions included some of the false information or elaborations consistent with it – had to actually describe false event – some ‘saw’ or believed but did not describe (very clear: incorporated more of false information and often elaborated; less clear: incorporated less critical or no false information but elaborated in a way only possible given false information)
Memory definition (Hyman & Pentland, 1996)	Memory implantation	Recollective experience, memory confidence	Investigator‐based rating: Memory rating (clear = reports of target event, consistent elaborations and statements that event was a memory; partial = consistent elaborations with some statements of remembering, but none of actual target event; no memory but trying to recover = described an image or related self‐knowledge but no clear claim to remember event; no memory = none of the above)
Memory rating (Hyman & Pentland, 1996)	Memory implantation	Memory confidence	Self‐report rating: 1 ‘not confident’ to 7 ‘very confident’
Memory definition (Pezdek et al., 1997)	Memory implantation	Recollective experience	Investigator‐based rating: An event was operationally defined as remembered if the subject recalled specific details of the event that were not included in the description read
Memory definition (Porter et al., 1999)	Memory implantation	Recollective experience, memory confidence, autobiographical belief	Investigator‐based rating: complete = report of remembering event, agreed with and/incorporated the information clues into the report and reported additional information; partial = recalled information or imagery pertaining to the event, but not recalled in its entirety or uncertainty whether memory was real
Memory definition (Lindsay et al., 2004)	Memory implantation	Recollective experience	Investigator‐based rating: memory = S appeared to believe he or she was remembering the suggested event; partial memory = S described images associated with suggested event but did not appear to experience those images as memories of the event per se
Memory rating (Strange et al., 2008)	Memory implantation	Autobiographical belief versus recollective experience	Self‐report rating: As I think about the event, I can actually remember it rather than just know that it happened (1 ‘not at all’ to 7 ‘as much as any memory’)