Table 4.
Effect of early nutrition on neurodevelopment
| MDI score ≥ 85a | PDI score ≥ 85a | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crude OR | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | Crude OR | Adjusted OR | 95% CI | |
| Total population (n = 112) | ||||||
| Cohort 2 | 2.14 | 6.41 | 1.50 to 27.40 | 1.24 | 1.05 | 0.46 to 2.42 |
|
Protein week 1 and Energy week 1 |
1.12 and 1.00 |
1.16 and 1.00 |
0.80 to 1.69 and 0.99 to 1.01 |
1.34 and 0.99 |
1.38
b and 0.99 |
1.07 to 1.79 and 0.98 to 1.00 |
| Protein week 1 | 1.14 | 1.17 | 0.96 to 1.43 | 1.09 | 1.02 | 0.89 to 1.17 |
| Energy week 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 to 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 |
| Boys (n = 53) | ||||||
| Cohort 2 | 2.41 | 6.32 c | 1.03 to 38.88 | 1.71 | 0.73 | 0.17 to 3.2 |
|
Protein week 1 and Energy week 1 |
1.06 and 1.00 |
1.10 and 0.99 |
0.66 to 1.85 and 0.98 to 1.01 |
1.50 and 1.00 |
1.77
d and 0.98 |
0.99 to 3.15 and 0.96 to 1.00 |
| Protein week 1 | 1.11 | 0.92 | 0.70 to 1.21 | 1.16 | 1.00 | 0.79 to 1.26 |
| Energy week 1 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.01 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 |
| Girls (n = 59) | ||||||
| Cohort 2 | 4.82 | 6.10b | 0.58 to 64.50 | 1.08 | 0.80 | 0.25 to 2.57 |
|
Protein week 1 and Energy week 1 |
1.27 and 1.00 |
5.33
e and 0.98 |
1.22 to 23.28 and 0.95 to 1.01 |
1.28 and 0.99 |
1.26 and 0.99 |
0.84 to 1.88 and 0.98 to 1.00 |
| Protein week 1 | 1.23 | 2.75 e | 1.10 to 6.83 | 1.05 | 0.98 | 0.82 to 1.17 |
| Energy week 1 | 1.01 | 1.02 | 1.00 to 1.03 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.00 |
MDI = Mental Developmental Index; PDI = Psychomotor Developmental Index; OR = Odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% Confidence interval.
Bold numbers = indicative of an effect. Scores ≥ 85 reflect normal neurodevelopment. Logistic regression odds ratios were analysed for four independent variables (i) being a member of Cohort 2, (ii) the combination of protein and energy intake in week 1, (iii) protein intake in week 1 alone and (iv) energy intake in week 1 alone.
All analyses were adjusted for the potential confounder set: gender, gestational age (GA), birthweight, maternal education, infant respiratory distress syndrome (IRDS), days on ventilator, indomethacin treatment and late‐onset sepsis, unless otherwise indicated.
Adjusted for maternal education only.
Adjusted for GA, birthweight, maternal education, indomethacin treatment and late‐onset sepsis.
§Adjusted for maternal education, IRDS, days on ventilator, indomethacin treatment and late‐onset sepsis.
¶Adjusted for maternal education and days on ventilator only.