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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jan 20.
Published in final edited form as: Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2010 Feb;24(1):51–70. doi: 10.1016/j.berh.2009.08.004

Fig. 1.

Fig. 1

Interaction between the EphB4 receptor and ephrin B2 ligand leads to both a forward and a reverse signaling. The signal through the EphB4 receptor is considered a forward signal whereas the reverse signaling is through the ephrin B2 ligand. In OA subchondral bone osteoblasts, the activation of EphB4 receptor by ephrin B2 results in a decreased activation of PI3K/Akt which, in turn, inhibits some pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases as well as RANKL, all of which are involved in the remodeling process of the OA subchondral bone [81].