Table 3.
Timeline of stone formation
| Type of precipitate | Timeframe | Setting |
|---|---|---|
| Crystals in proximal tubule [15, 29] | Less than a minute | Extreme blood levels |
| Crystals in distal nephron parts [1, 12, 30] | Minutes | High blood levels |
| Plugs in duct of Bellini [16–18] | Up to 25 min high renal load, acidification problem | |
| Large aggregates in urine [35] | One-and-a-half hours | Oxalate load in stone formers |
| Fast stone formation [6] | 1–2 weeks | Absent inhibition of agglomeration |
| Average stone formation | 5 years | Lifestyle risk factors |
| Slow stone formation | 23 years | Papillary plaques |