Table 1.
Demographics of study population categorized by use of vancomycin paste.
| Study population (N=14,492) |
Vancomycin Paste Used (N=4,997) |
Vancomycin Paste Not Used (N=9,495) |
P Value * | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||||
| Age | |||||
| < 40 | 409 (2.8%) | 130 (2.6%) | 279 (2.9%) | ||
| 40–49 | 1024 (7.1%) | 318 (6.4%) | 706 (7.4%) | ||
| 50–59 | 2573 (17.8%) | 852 (17.0%) | 1721 (18.1%) | 0.028 | |
| 60–69 | 3854 (26.6%) | 1354 (27.1%) | 2500 (26.3%) | ||
| 70–79 | 4261 (29.4%) | 1522 (30.5%) | 2739 (28.9%) | ||
| >=80 | 2371 (16.4%) | 821 (16.4%) | 1550 (16.3%) | ||
| Year | |||||
| 2003–2004 | 2323 (16.0%) | 46 (0.9%) | 2277 (24.0%) | ||
| 2005–2006 | 2403 (16.6%) | 689 (13.8%) | 1714 (18.1%) | ||
| 2007–2008 | 2307 (15.9%) | 849 (17.0%) | 1458 (15.4%) | <0.0001 | |
| 2009–2010 | 2380 (16.4%) | 737 (14.7%) | 1643 (17.3%) | ||
| 2011–2012 | 2224 (15.3%) | 1184 (23.7%) | 1040 (10.9%) | ||
| 2013–2015 | 2855 (19.7%) | 1492 (29.9%) | 1363 (14.3%) | ||
| Gender (Female) | 4981 (34.4%) | 1800 (36.0%) | 3181 (33.5%) | 0.002 | |
| Race (Caucasian) | 13689 (94.4%) | 4757 (95.2%) | 8932 (94.1%) | 0.011 | |
| Height (cm) | 170 (155–183) | 173 (157–183) | 0.0001 | ||
| Weight (kg) | 82 (60–107) | 82 (60–107) | 81 (60–107) | 0.043 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27 (22–36) | 28 (22–36) | 27 (22–36) | <0.001 | |
| BMI >30 kg/m2 | 4542 (31%) | 1666 (33.3%) | 2876 (30.3%) | 0.0002 | |
| Medical History | |||||
| Diabetes | 3849 (26.6%) | 1356 (27.1%) | 2493 (26.3%) | 0.25 | |
| Hypertension | 10336 (71.3%) | 3680 (73.6%) | 6656 (70.1%) | <0.0001 | |
| Chronic lung disease | 2068 (14.3%) | 756 (15.1%) | 1312 (13.2%) | 0.033 | |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.0 (0.7 – 1.5) | 1.0 (0.7 – 1.5) | 1.0 (0.7 – 1.5) | 0.13 | |
| Creatinine > 1.5mg/dL | 1328 (9.2%) | 428 (8.6%) | 900 (9.5%) | 0.07 | |
| Preoperative dialysis | 199 (1.4%) | 77 (1.5%) | 122 (1.3%) | 0.21 | |
| Postoperative renal failure | 877 (6.1%) | 272 (5.4%) | 605 (6.4%) | 0.025 | |
| Peripheral Artery Disease | 1898 (13.1%) | 615 (12.3%) | 1283 (13.5%) | 0.040 | |
| Previous MI | 3537 (24.4%) | 1229 (24.6%) | 2308 (24.3%) | 0.70 | |
| Prior cardiac surgery | 1296 (8.9%) | 457 (9.1%) | 839 (8.8%) | 0.54 | |
| NYHA Class | |||||
| I | 2374 (16.4%) | 708 (14.6%) | 1666 (17.5%) | ||
| II | 6868 (47.4%) | 2487 (49.8%) | 4381 (46.1%) | <0.0001 | |
| III | 4634 (32.0% | 1640 (32.8%) | 2994 (31.6%) | ||
| IV | 616 (4.3%) | 162 (3.2%) | 454 (4.8%) | ||
| STS DSWI Risk Index (%) | 0.34% (0.12% – 0.92%) |
0.33% (0.11% – 0.92%) | 0.34% (0.11% – 0.90%) | 0.020 | |
| STS DSWI Risk Index (%) | |||||
| <0.5% | 9983 (68.9%) | 3394 (67.9%) | 6585 (69.3%) | 0.16 | |
| 0.5 – 1.0% | 3383 (23%) | 1189 (23.8%) | 2189 (23.1%) | ||
| >1.0% | 1136 (8%) | 414 (8.3%) | 721 (7.6%) | ||
| Operation | |||||
| Operative status | |||||
| Elective | 9601 (66.3%) | 3435 (68.8%) | 6166 (64.9%) | ||
| Urgent | 4480 (30.9%) | 1395 (27.9%) | 3085 (32.5%) | <0.0001 | |
| Emergent or salvage | 411 (2.8%) | 167 (3.3%) | 244 (2.6%) | ||
| Operation type | 879 (6.1%) | ||||
| CABG | 5304 (36.6%) | 1809 (36.2%) | 3495 (36.8%) | ||
| Valve | 6404 (44.2%) | 2178 (43.6%) | 4226 (44.5%) | 0.085 | |
| CABG/Valve | 2784 (19.2%) | 1010 (20.2%) | 1774 (18.7%) | ||
| IABP | 783 (5.4%) | 251 (5.0%) | 534 (5.6%) | 0.13 | |
| Bypass Time (min.) | 119 (71–221) | 126 (72–234) | 116 (71–214) | <0.0001 | |
| Bypass time | |||||
| <120 min | 6808 (50.0%) | 2129 (45.1%) | 4682 (53%) | <0.0001 | |
| 120 – 180 min | 4247 (31.3%) | 1531 (32.4%) | 2719 (31%) | ||
| >180 min | 2556 (18.8%) | 1060 (22.5%) | 1498 (17%) | ||
| Open chest | 147 (1.0%) | 58 (1.2%) | 89 (0.9%) | 0.21 | |
| Outcomes | |||||
| DSWI (outcome) | 136 (0.9%) | 38 (0.8%) | 98 (1.0%) | 0.10 | |
| Mortality | |||||
| 0–5 days | 166 (1.1%) | 57 (1.1%) | 109 (1.1%) | 0.97 | |
| 0–1 year | 897 (6.2%) | 314 (6.3%) | 584 (6.2%) | 0.75 | |
| 0–5 years | 2197 (15.2%) | 707 (14.2%) | 1490 (15.7%) | 0.013 | |
Confidence intervals are 10th and 90th percentiles.
*
Comparison of patients who received vancomycin paste and those who did not.