Table 1. Descriptive characteristics of eligible studies. Study and population descriptions of the 17 original trials identified in the screening process, representing studies of high-dose vitamin D supplementation in pediatrics, published between Jan 2015–Jan 2016.
| Author, year | Location | Study design | Population, age | n, N† | High-dose regimens | Primary outcome | Risk of bias |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vehapoglu, 2015 | Middle East | Single arm | Healthy with growing pain, 4–12 y | 148, 148 | Single dose PO: 150,000 IU (<6 years) or 300,000 IU (>6 years) | 25 OHD, pain | High |
| Aytac, 2016 | Middle East | Paralleled | Renal disease, 10–17 y | 65, 65 | 300,000 IU single D3 PO | Cardiovascular | High |
| Le Roy, 2015 | C/S. America | RCT | Cerebral palsy, 6–14 y | 15, 30 | 100,000 IU single D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Cayir, 2014 | Middle East | Paralleled | Migraines, 8–16 y | 27, 53 | 800 or 5,000 IU daily PO | Migraine attacks | Medium |
| Rajakumar, 2015 | N. America | RCT | Healthy/VDD, 8–14 y | 78, 157 | 1,000 IU daily D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Mayes, 2015 | N. America | RCT | Burns, 6 m–19 y | 26, 39 | 100 IU/Kg daily PO, D2 vs. D3 | Fracture risk | Medium |
| Shah, 2015 | N. America | RCT | Obesity, 11–18 y | 20, 40 | 150,000 IU Q3 months D2 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Simek, 2016 | N. America | RCT | IBD, 8–21 y | 34, 40 | 5,000 IU/10 kg or 10,000 IU/10 kg weekly D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Tan, 2015 | Australia | RCT | Healthy/VDD, 5–9 y | 37, 73 | Daily D3 PO: 5,000 IU (25 OHD <27.5), 2,500 IU (25 OHD >27.5) vs. single D3 PO: 200,000 IU (25 OHD <27.5), 100,000 (25 OHD >27.5) | 25 OHD | Medium |
| Hanson, 2015 | N. America | RCT | Premature newborns | 32, 32 | 400 or 800 IU daily D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Dougherty, 2015 | N. America | RCT | Sickle cell, 5–20 y | 44, 44 | 4,000 or 7,000 IU daily D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Galli, 2015 | Europe | RCT | Eczema, 6 m–16 y | 41, 89 | 2,000 IU daily D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Morandi, 2015 | Europe | Single arm | Healthy/VDD, 3–15 y | 33, 33 | 100,000 IU monthly D3: IM (25 OHD <10) or PO (25 OHD 10–20); 25,000 IU monthly D3 PO (25 OHD 20–30) | Pain | High |
| Moodley, 2015 | C/S. America | RCT | Healthy newborns | 18, 51 | 50,000 IU single D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
| Eltayeb, 2015 | Middle East | RCT | Hepatitis C, 7–14 y | 31, 60 | 2,000 IU daily D3 PO | HCV RNA level | Medium |
| Dubnov-Raz, 2015 | Middle East | RCT | Healthy/VDD, 12–21 y | 28, 55 | 2,000 IU daily D3 PO | Respiratory marker | Low |
| Steenhoff, 2015 | Africa | RCT | HIV, 5–51 y | 60, 60 | 4,000 or 7,000 IU daily D3 PO | 25 OHD | Low |
†, “N” refers to the total number of patients enrolled in the study, while “n” includes only those who have received high dose regimens. 25 OHD, 25-Hydroxycholecalciferol; C/S. America, Central and South America; D2, ergocalciferol; D3, cholecalciferol; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IBD, inflammatory bowel disease; IM, intramuscular; IU, international units; N. America, North America; PO, oral; Q3 months, every 3 months; RCT, randomized controlled trial; VDD, vitamin D deficiency.