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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Alcohol. 2016 Nov 10;58:107–125. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2016.07.011

Table 2.

Trait correlations between serum pregnenolone levels and behavioral or neurochemical phenotypes across the BXD strains.

GN ID Phenotypes Spearman
17458 Pregnenolone in CTL males and females Reference r p n
17459 Pregnenolone in CTL males Present results 0.91 0.0000 17
17460 Pregnenolone in CTL females Present results 0.60 0.0094 17
17305 3α,5α-THP in CTL males and females Present results 0.50 0.0323 18
17448 3α,5α-THP in CTL males Present results 0.59 0.0106 17
12579 Ethanol response, consumption of 15% ethanol (v/v) using two-bottle choice system (ethanol vs. water), 2-hour
access, 1st week average, young adult male or female (Dec 2009 Cohort 1) [log g/kg/2h]		 Lopez M. F. et al.,
Unpublished		 0.87 0.0012 9
12979 Alanine transaminase (ALT, ALAT, SGPT) level in serum following alcohol (6 gm ethanol/kg via gastric gavage)
at 24 hours after gavage in young adult males and females (strain average associated with GenEx EtOH liver
gene expression) [U/L]		 Rooney R. J. et al.,
Unpublished		 −0.60 0.0119 16
11012 Anxiety, time in open arm of elevated plus maze in young adult males and females [sec] (Brigman et al., 2009) 0.89 0.0152 6
11971 Anxiety, untreated baseline, percent entries into open arms of an elevated plus maze for males and females [%] (Philip et al., 2010) −0.75 0.0054 11
11713 Anxiety, untreated baseline, percentage of entries into closed arms of a plus maze for females [%] (Philip et al., 2010) 0.72 0.0106 11
11714 Anxiety, untreated baseline, percent entries into open arms of an elevated plus maze for females [%] (Philip et al., 2010) −0.72 0.0106 11
11723 Anxiety, time in closed arms of an elevated plus maze for females [sec] (Philip et al., 2010) 0.71 0.0123 11
11715 Anxiety, untreated baseline, percent time in closed arms of a plus maze for females [%] (Philip et al., 2010) 0.71 0.0123 11
11968 Anxiety, untreated baseline, entries into closed arms of a plus maze for males and females [n] (Philip et al., 2010) 0.61 0.0454 11
12344 Anxiety, baseline untreated control (BASE group), activity in closed quadrants using an elevated zero maze in 60
to 120-day-old females only during 10 min [beam breaks/sec]		 Cook M. et al.,
Unpublished		 −0.60 0.0099 17
12343 Anxiety, baseline untreated control (BASE group), activity in closed quadrants using an elevated zero maze in 60
to 120-day-old females only during last 5 min [beam breaks/sec]		 Cook M. et al.,
Unpublished		 −0.61 0.0084 17
11013 Anxiety, number of closed arm entries using elevated plus maze [n] (Brigman et al., 2009) 0.94 0.0023 6
11850 Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal, naloxone (30 mg/kg ip) after morphine (50 mg/kg dose ip), number of
jumps for males and females [n/15 min test]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.71 0.0080 12
11336 Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal, naloxone (30 mg/kg ip) after morphine (50 mg/kg dose ip), number of
jumps for males [n/15 min test]		 (Philip et al., 2010) 0.71 0.0116 11
11870 Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal, naloxone (30 mg/kg ip) after morphine (50 mg/kg dose ip), locomotion
from 0–15 min after naloxone injection for males and females [n beam breaks]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.59 0.0433 12
11356 Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal, naloxone (30 mg/kg ip) after morphine (50 mg/kg dose ip), locomotion
from 0–15 min after naloxone injection for males [n beam breaks]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.73 0.0090 11
11357 Naloxone-induced morphine withdrawal, naloxone (30 mg/kg ip) after morphine (50 mg/kg dose ip), horizontal
activity (distance traveled) from 0–15 min after naloxone injection for males [cm]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.67 0.0210 11
13551 Hippocampus residual weight, repeat measurement prior to dissection, statistically adjusted for variation in sex,
age, body weight, and epoch (Hager et al., 2012) [residual mg]		 (Hager et al., 2012) 0.68 0.0061 14
17461 Pregnenolone in CIE males and females
17462 Pregnenolone in CIE males Present results 0.88 0.0000 19
17463 Pregnenolone in CIE females Present results 0.86 0.0000 16
12811 Control for ethanol response, dopamine levels (DA) in hindbrain tissue 72 h after the 5th air control cycle of
vapor chamber treatment, 16 to 18 week-old males or females (Dec 2009 Cohort 1) [ng/mg]		 Jones S. R. et al.,
Unpublished		 −0.49 0.0366 18
12978 Alcohol response (6 mg/kg in saline, gastric gavage), blood alcohol concentration (BAC) 24 hr after gavage of
young adult males and females (strain average associated with GenEx EtOH liver gene expression) [mg/dl]		 Rooney R. J. et al.,
Unpublished		 0.53 0.0348 16
12407 Anxiety, saline treated [0.18 ml/kg i.p.] (NOS group), time in open quadrants using an elevated zero maze in 60
to 120-day-old males only during last 5 min [percentage of time]		 Cook M. et al.,
Unpublished		 0.48 0.0353 19
11969 Anxiety, untreated baseline, entries into open arms of a plus maze for males and females [n] (Philip et al., 2010) −0.70 0.0142 11
11651 Fear conditioning response, contextual activity for females [units] (Philip et al., 2010) 0.60 0.0370 12
11936 Acoustic startle response, maximum response at 120 db for males and females (65 dB background noise,
Hamilton-Kinder SM100 startle chamber, 10 msec interval, 120 dB startle stimulus, prepulse PPI control data by
M Cook, UMemphis) [force]		 (Philip et al., 2010) 0.68 0.0132 12
11937 Acoustic startle response, maximum response at 70 db for males and females (65 dB background noise,
Hamilton-Kinder SM100 startle chamber, 10 msec interval, 120 dB startle stimulus, prepulse PPI control data by
M Cook, UMemphis) [force]		 (Philip et al., 2010) 0.60 0.0370 12
11720 Saline control response (10 ml/kg ip), motor coordination, rotarod performance following injection for females
[sec]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.65 0.0299 11
11977 Saline control response (10 ml/kg ip), motor coordination, rotarod performance following injection for males and
females [sec]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.61 0.0454 11
11324 Morphine response (50 mg/kg ip), locomotion (open field) from 105–120 min after injection in an activity chamber
for males		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.68 0.0185 11
11313 Morphine response (50 mg/kg ip), locomotion from 105–120 min after injection in an activity chamber for males [n
beam breaks]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.64 0.0334 11
11325 Morphine response (50 mg/kg ip), locomotion (open field) from 120–135 min after injection in an activity chamber
for males [cm]		 (Philip et al., 2010) −0.62 0.0411 11
11268 Adrenal zona glomerulosa width for males [um] (Di Curzio & Goldowitz, 2011) −0.81 0.0002 14

Variation in pregnenolone levels across the BXD population was linked to behavioral or neurochemical phenotypes previously characterized across these strains by other laboratories and whose data are available in GeneNetwork. GN ID refers to the GeneNetwork BXD phenotype ID for each trait.