Table 1. Population characteristics.

Epidemiological/clinical feature	Total	Native valve	Prosthetic valve	P
Number of patients	170	118	52
Age (years)	69.5	68.3	70.6	0.009
Male gender	60; 52–67	61; 56–66	58; 50–65	0.6
Community-acquired	58; 50–66	57; 52–62	62; 53–69	0.6
Health care-associated	38; 30–45	37; 32–42	38; 31–47	0.88
IVDA	4; 2–9	6; 4–9	0	0.07
Diabetes	19; 13–26	20; 16–25	15; 10–22	0.7
Renal insufficiency	35; 28–43	34; 29–39	38; 31–47	0.2
Haemodialysis	2; 1–6	3; 1–5	0	0.2
Peripheral vasculopathy	15; 10–21	12; 9–16	21; 15–29	0.88
COPD	11; 7–17	11; 8–15	12; 7–18	0.9
Cancer	4; 2–9	3; 1–5	8; 4–14	0.07
Mitral valve	35; 28–42	36: 31–41	33; 25–41	0.3
Aortic valve	42; 34–50	36; 32–42	54; 46–62	0.04
Right sided valves	13; 9–20	18; 14–22	4; 1-9	0.0008
Multi valvular	10; 6–16	8; 6–12	13; 8–20	0.5
Heart failure	52; 45–60	56; 51–61	44; 36–52	0.15
Shock	9; 5–14	9; 7–13	21; 15–29	0.7
Embolism	32; 25–39	36; 31–41	23; 17–31	0.02
Persistent bacteraemia	6; 3–11	5; 3–8	8; 4–14	0.5
Severe valve dysfunction	41; 34–49	34; 29–39	58; 50–65	0.004
Perivalvular extension	27; 20–34	15; 12–19	52; 44–60	0.002
Ejection fraction	58	58	56	0.02
Staphylococcus aureus	25; 19–32	27; 23–32	19; 13–27	0.3
In-hospital mortality	25; 19–32	23; 19–28	29; 22–37	0.4
1 year mortality	32; 25–39	29; 24–34	38; 31–47	0.34

Values are expressed in percentage and its 95% confidence interval (%; CI 95%). Age and ejection fraction are expressed as median. The baseline population characteristics and clinical features are reported in the first and second columns, whereas in the others the results of the univariate analysis between the two main groups of Native and Prosthetic Valve endocarditis are shown. COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IVDA, intravenous drugs abusers.