Ranking of MEK1 RASopathy mutations in Drosophila. (A) Larval cuticle defects in flies with overexpressed MEK variants using MTD-Gal4. (Scale bar, 100 μm.) (B) Rank of selected MEK mutations based on embryonic lethality. The average of technical replicates for each mutation is plotted with the SEM indicated. RASopathies, blue; RASopathies and cancer, green; cancer only, red. Here, pooled N values are as follows: NWT = 286, ND44G = 282, NY130C = 382, NF53S = 382, NF53L = 873, and NE203K = 907. Black bars represent basal lethality in the UAS-MEK-WT/Mutant transgenic flies without the presence of a Gal4 driver. Here, NWT = 502, ND44G = 279, NY130C = 277, NF53S = 265, NF53L = 317, and NE203K = 287. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Bonferroni correction was used for statistical analysis: ***P < 0.001. The differences of the following pairs were not statistically significant: WT, D44G; F53S, F53L; F53S, E203K; F53L, E203K.