Table 2. Summary of the main clinical features of all known patients (15) with Bainbridge–Ropers syndrome and ASXL3 LoF variant identified so far.
Patient 1 | Patient 2 | Patient 3 | Patient 4 | Patient 5 | Patient 6 | Indiv. 1–4 Bainbridge etal2 | Dinwiddie et al10 | Indiv. 1–3 Srivastava et al11 | Hori et al12 | Total n=15 (a) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Characteristic facial dysmorphism (b) | + | + | + | + | + | + | + (4/4) | n.a. | + (2/3) | n.a. | 12/13 |
Intellectual disability | (too young) | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ (4/4) | ++ | + (2/2) | + | 14/14 |
Feeding difficulties | + | + | + | + | + | + | + (3/4) | + | + (3/3) | + | 14/15 |
Muscular hypotonia | + | + | ++ | + | + | ++ | + (3/4) | + | + (3/3) | − | 13/15 |
Motor delay | + | + + | ++ | ++ | + + | ++ | + (4/4) | ++ | + (3/3) | + | 15/15 |
Speech impairment | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ?? (1/1) | ++ | + (3/3) | + | 12/12 |
Seizures | − | − | − | − | + | + | −(0/4) | − | + (1/3) | − | 3/15 |
Birth measurements | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | SGA (2/4) | Normal | SGA (1/3) | SGA | Normal in 11/15, SGA in 4/15 |
Postnatal growth | Normal | Short | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Short (2/4) | Normal | Normal (1/1) | Short | Normal in 9/13, short in 4/13 |
Postnatal OFC | ↓ | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | Normal | ↓ (2/3) | ↓ | Normal (3/3) | ↓ | Normal in 9/14, ↓ in 5/14 |
Abbreviations: n.a., not applicable; OFC, occipito-frontal circumference; SGA, small for gestational age.
Not every feature was documented for all patients; therefore the total number of patients can differ.
Characteristic craniofacial features comprise a longish face with prominent forehead, temporal narrowing, arched eyebrows, (synophrys), downslanting palpebral fissures, prominent columella and small alae nasi, downturned corners of the mouth and little facial expression/open mouth appearance.