Table 3:

Outcomes framework (devised by Moore and others [2009])

CPD framework	Description	Data source
Level 1 – participation	Number of physicians and health care professionals who participated in the CPD activity	Attendance records
Level 2 – satisfaction	The degree to which the setting and delivery of the CPD activity met the participants' expectations	Questionnaires completed by attendees following the CPD activity
Level 3a – learning: declarative knowledge	The degree to which participants can articulate what the CPD activity intended to convey	Objective: pre- and post-test knowledge
		Subjective: self-report of knowledge gain
Level 3b – learning: procedural knowledge	The degree to which participants state how to do what the CPD activity intended for them to do	Objective: pre- and post-test knowledge
		Subjective: self-report of knowledge gain
Level 4 – competence	The degree to which participants demonstrate/show in an educational setting how to do what the CPD activity intended them to be able to do	Objective: observation in an education setting
		Subjective: self-report of competence, intention to change
Level 5 – performance	The degree to which participants do what the CPD activity intended them to be able to do in practice	Objective: observation of performance in patient care setting, patient charts, administrative databases
		Subjective: self-reports of performance
Level 6 – patient health	The degree to which the health status of a community of patients changes in response to changes in the practice behaviour of CPD participants	Objective: health status measures recorded in patient charts or administrative databases
		Subjective: patient self-report of health status
Level 7 – community	The degree to which the health status of a community of patients changes in response to changes in the practice behaviour of CPD participants	Objective: epidemiological data reports
		Subjective: community self-report