Table 3.

Data-driven study characteristics

Study	Adversity (population*)	Positive adaptation	Trajectory model†	Prevalence of resilience (%)
Bonanno et al23 24	SARS epidemic survivors	High psychological and physical functioning		35.0
Bonanno et al25	Spinal cord injury	Low anxiety	Anxiety (unconditional model)	57.5
			Anxiety (conditional model)	58.1
		Low depression	Depression (unconditional model)	66.1
			Depression (conditional model)	50.8
deRoon-Cassini et al26	Traumatic injury patients	Low depression		58.0
Dunn et al27	Breast cancer surgery patients	Low depression/anxiety		38.9
Dunn et al28	Oncology patients; family caregivers	Low depression		56.3
Galatzer-Levy et al29‡	Police officers	Low psychological distress		76.7
Galatzer-Levy et al30‡	Police officers	Low psychological distress		76.7
Holgersen et al31	Disaster survivors	Positive mental health		61.4
Hou et al32	Colorectal cancer	No depression/anxiety		65–37
Lam et al33‡	Breast cancer patients	Low psychological distress		66.0
Lam et al34‡	Breast cancer survivors	Low psychological distress		66.0
Larm et al35	Clinical substance abuse; general population		High resilience in GP	52.4
			Good resilience in GP	47.6
			High resilience in CS	24.4
			High to moderate resilience in CS	24.5
			Moderate to high resilience in CS	33.0
			Low to moderate resilience in CS	9.3
			Low resilience in CS	8.8
Le Brocque et al36	Accident victims	Few PTSD symptoms		57.0
Murphy and Marelich37	Children of HIV/AIDS diagnosed mothers	Cognitive function, externalising behaviours, social skills		32.4
Norris et al38 39	Mexican flood victims	Few PTSD symptoms		32.0
	9/11 New York residents	Few PTSD symptoms		10.1
Nugent et al40	Children referred to Family Advocacy Program	Few PTSD symptoms		60.7
Pietrzak et al41	9/11 responders	Few PTSD symptoms		58.0
Saad et al42	Breast cancer surgery patients	Low depression/anxiety		38.9
Self-Brown et al43	Hurricane Katrina survivors	Few PTSD symptoms		71.0
Sterling et al44	Whiplash patients	Low neck disability		40.0
Sveen et al45	Burn victims	No PTSD		40.0
Tang et al46	Caregivers of terminal patients	Low depression		11.4
Zhu et al47	Chronic pain	Low depression		72.5

*Samples were taken from populations exposed to adversity.

†Trajectory models where one or more resilience trajectories are identified.

‡Same data set used.

CS, clinical population sample; GP, general population sample; PTSD, post-traumatic stress disorder; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome.