Effect of ontogeny and developmental hypoxia on OXPHOS. Mitochondria were isolated from alligator embryos exposed to 21% and 10% oxygen during development (black and white bars, respectively) and their juvenile counterparts (dark and light gray bars, respectively) subsequently raised in 21% oxygen. OXPHOS was measured with different substrates: Malate and pyruvate (electron transport through Complexes I–IV, mal/pyr, A), succinate (Complexes II–IV, succ, B), and tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine (Complex IV, tmpd, C). Data are means ± SE. ψSignificant difference between embryos and adults (2-way ANOVA). P < 0.05; n = 8 and 6 for 21% and 10% oxygen-exposed adults, respectively, and 5 for embryos.