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. 2016 Oct 20;35(1):61–73. doi: 10.1002/jor.23452

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© 2016 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the Orthopaedic Research Society.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Effect of cell type in individually encapsulated cell constructs: NPCs maximize ECM synthesis while co‐culture provides protection against hypoxic and inflammatory conditions. Aggrecan (A), collagen 2A1 (B), MMP‐1 (C), MMP‐9 (D), MMP‐13 (E), and ADAMTS5 (F) gene expression in MSC‐only, NPC‐only, and co‐culture groups after 21 days in basal or hypoxic and inflammatory media conditions. Fold changes were normalized to the co‐culture basal media group. The + symbol indicates a significant difference (p < 0.05) within a cell type group for different media conditions, while the * symbol indicates a significant difference between different cell type groups under the same media conditions. Error bars represent standard deviation.