Table 1.
Associations between clinical and biopsy features, DSA and patient outcomes
| Clinical variable | Result in whole cohort | Number of biopsies/samples |
Pa | Number of biopsies/samples |
Pa | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Graft failure | No graft failure | Deteriorating eGFR (≤median) |
Stable eGFR (>median) |
||||
| PCR >50 at time of biopsy | Yes (n = 25) | 10 | 15 | 0.002 | 17 | 8 | 0.03 |
| No (n = 27) | 1 | 26 | 10 | 17 | |||
| Biopsy subgroup | BFC (n = 37) | 11 | 26 | 0.02 | 19 | 18 | 1 |
| PROTCL (n = 15) | 0 | 15 | 8 | 7 | |||
| Gross biopsy features | AMR (n = 45) | 11 | 34 | 0.3 | 25 | 20 | 0.24 |
| Control (n = 7) | 0 | 7 | 2 | 5 | |||
| Tubulitis | Positive (n = 4) | 2 | 2 | 0.2 | 3 | 1 | 0.6 |
| Negative (n = 48) | 9 | 39 | 24 | 24 | |||
| C4d (PTC) | Positive (n = 26) | 8 | 18 | 0.1 | 16 | 10 | 0.27 |
| Negative (n = 26) | 3 | 23 | 11 | 15 | |||
| C4d (g) | Positive (n = 30) | 9 | 21 | 0.09 | 17 | 13 | 0.58 |
| Negative (n = 22) | 2 | 20 | 10 | 12 | |||
| G score | ≥1 (n = 21) | 6 | 15 | 0.3 | 14 | 7 | 0.1 |
| 0 (n = 31) | 5 | 26 | 13 | 18 | |||
| PTC score | ≥1 (n = 15) | 7 | 8 | 0.008 | 8 | 7 | 1 |
| 0 (n = 37) | 4 | 33 | 19 | 18 | |||
| CG score | ≥1 (n = 20) | 7 | 13 | 0.08 | 10 | 10 | 1 |
| 0 (n = 32) | 4 | 28 | 17 | 15 | |||
| CV score | ≥1 (n = 22) | 6 | 16 | 0.5 | 13 | 9 | 0.57 |
| 0 (n = 29) | 5 | 24 | 14 | 15 | |||
| % Median IF/TA score | 30 | 15 | <0.05b | 20 | 15 | >0.05 | |
| DSA time point 1 | >1000 (n = 18) | 7 | 11 | 0.03 | 12 | 6 | 0.15 |
| 0 or <1000 (n = 34) | 4 | 30 | 15 | 19 | |||
| DSA time point 2 | >1000 (n = 18) | 7 | 11 | 0.04 | 11 | 7 | 0.39 |
| 0 or <1000 (n = 32) | 4 | 28 | 15 | 17 | |||
| DSA overallc | >1000 (n = 20) | 7 | 13 | 0.08 | 12 | 8 | 0.4 |
| 0 or <1000 (n = 32) | 4 | 28 | 15 | 17 | |||
Proteinuria: Graft failure – Sensitivity: 10/11 = 91%; PPV: 10/25 = 40%; NPV: 26/27 = 96%; Specificity: 26/41 = 63%.
Proteinuria: Deteriorating function – Sensitivity: 17/27 = 63%; PPV 17/25 = 68%; NPV 17/27 = 63%; Specificity 68%.
PTC score: Graft failure – Sensitivity: 7/11 = 64%; PPV: 7/15 = 67%; NPV: 33/37 = 89%; Specificity: 33/41 = 80%.
DSA >1000 time point 1: Graft failure – Sensitivity: 7/11 = 64%; PPV: 7/18 = 39%; NPV: 30/34 = 88%; Specificity: 30/41 = 77%.
DSA >1000 time point 2: Graft failure – Sensitivity: 7/11 = 64%; PPV: 7/18 = 39%: NPV: 28/32 = 88%; Specificity: 28/39 = 72%.
Bold P values are statistically significant.
AMR, antibody-mediated rejection; BFC, for-cause biopsy; DSA, donor-specific antibody; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; NPV, negative predictive value; PCR, protein-to-creatinine ratio; PPV, positive predictive value; PROTCL, protocol; PTC, peritubular capillary; g, glomerulitis; cg/cv, BANFF chronic glomerulopathy and vascular scores; IF/TA, interstitial fibrosis/tubular atrophy.
Fisher exact test.
Mann-Whitney U test.
DSA at either time point 1 or 2 or both.