Table 1.
Description of study cohort (N=566), mean (SD) or count (percent)
| Demographics, Health History, and Physical & Cognitive Functioning | ||
| Age, mean years (SD) | 76.7 | (5.2) |
| Female sex, % | 330 | (58) |
| BMI, kilograms/meter-squared, mean (SD) | 29 | (6) |
| Race, % | ||
| Asian | 5 | (< 1) |
| Black | 29 | (5) |
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 1 | (< 1) |
| White | 528 | (93) |
| More than one race | 3 | (< 1) |
| Hispanic Ethnicity, % | 7 | (1) |
| Married, % | 335 | (59) |
| Education, years | 15.0 | (2.9) |
| Cardiovascular Disease, % | 124 | (22) |
| Diabetes, % | 115 | (20) |
| Cancer, % | 75 | (13) |
| Peripheral Vascular Disease, % | 67 | (12) |
| Cerebrovascular Disease, % | 51 | (9) |
| Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, % | 36 | (6) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index | 1.0 | (1.3) |
| CCI ≥ 2, % | 167 | (30) |
| Cognitive Functioning (3MS), mean (SD) | 93.4 | (5.4) |
| 3MS < 85, % | 39 | (7) |
| Physical Functioning and Independence | ||
| MOS SF-12 Physical Component Summary, mean (SD) | 35 | (10) |
| ADL; One or more dependencies, % | 42 | (7) |
| IADL; One or more dependencies, % | 157 | (28) |
| Type of Surgery, % | ||
| Orthopedic | 460 | (81) |
| Vascular | 35 | (6) |
| Gastrointestinal | 71 | (13) |
SD – standard deviation; BMI – body mass index; CCI – Charlson Comorbidity Index; 3MS – Modified Mini-Mental State Examination; MOS SF-12 – Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12; ADL – Activities of Daily Living; IADL – Instrumental Activities of Daily Living