Table 2.
Heterogeneity P values (P hetero): probability that moderators (experimental variables) accounted for real differences in treatment effects among studies
| Moderator | Effect size | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shoot K+ | Root K+/Na+ | Root K+ | Shoot K+/Na+ | Leaf chlorophyll | Shoot fresh weight | Total fresh weight | Total dry weight | Root length | Seed germination | |
| Treatment media | 0.59 | 0.62 | 0.75 | 0.61 | 0.24 | 0.73 | 0.25 | <0.01 | 0.90 | – |
| Duration of exposure to NaCl | 0.71 | 0.26 | 0.98 | 0.83 | 0.38 | 0.04 | 0.39 | 0.06 | 0.21 | 0.61 |
| Stress severity | 0.37 | 0.23 | 0.58 | 0.83 | 0.74 | 0.72 | 0.27 | 0.23 | 0.61 | 0.36 |
| Recipient type | 0.78 | 0.97 | 0.45 | 0.37 | 0.69 | 0.56 | – | 0.33 | 0.76 | – |
| Recipient genus | 0.85 | 0.83 | 0.54 | 0.64 | 0.81 | 0.04 | 0.30 | 0.14 | 0.47 | <0.001 |
| Donor type | 0.20 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.13 | – | <0.01 | <0.01 | – |
| Donor genus | 0.76 | 0.05 | 0.42 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.18 | 0.26 | 0.35 | 0.17 | 0.21 |
| Donor and recipient genus same | 0.88 | 0.69 | 0.83 | 0.78 | 0.05 | – | – | – | <0.001 | – |
| Gene number | 0.91 | – | 0.81 | – | 0.57 | 0.95 | – | – | – | 0.16 |
| Gene member | 0.50 | 0.34 | 0.51 | 0.79 | 0.99 | 0.52 | 0.99 | 0.21 | 0.74 | – |
P hetero ≤ 0.1 signifies that observed variation is not due solely to sampling error (expected variation). Dashed entries indicate that insufficient data were available to perform an analysis. Each moderator was examined in relation to the ten summary effect sizes (ratios of treatment/control plants) significantly impacted by CPA1 overexpression. Appendix S1 provides associated Qm values (between‐study variation); n (sample size); df (degrees of freedom, levels within a moderator).