. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Feb 1.

Published in final edited form as: Matern Child Health J. 2017 Feb;21(2):315–325. doi: 10.1007/s10995-016-2116-8

TABLE 3.

Prevalence ratios (PR) of adverse childhood events (ACEs) with current smoking, binge drinking and overweight/obesity

ACEs	Current Smoking PR (95% CI)^b^,^f	PR (95% CI)^c		Binge Drinking PR (95% CI)^e
ACEs	Current Smoking PR (95% CI)^b^,^f	Overweight vs. Normal Weight (n=2,702)^d	Obese vs. Normal Weight (n=2,405)^d^,^f	Binge Drinking PR (95% CI)^e
Model 1: Unadjusted
*Count*
0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
1	1.68 (1.13–2.50)^*	1.20 (0.99–1.46)	1.09 (0.81–1.46)	1.76 (1.13–2.74)^*
2	1.90 (1.25–2.87)^*	0.95 (0.73–1.24)	1.24 (0.90–1.71)	1.36 (0.80–2.31)
3	2.36 (1.50–3.72)^*	1.37 (1.05–1.79)^*	1.67 (1.18–2.37)^*	2.24 (1.22–4.13)^*
4	3.11 (1.97–4.91)^*	1.31 (0.95–1.81)	2.14 (1.56–2.95)^*	1.53 (0.82–2.85)
5+	4.10 (2.87–5.84)^*	1.33 (0.99–1.79)	2.32 (1.77–3.03)^*	2.24 (1.37–3.64)^*
Categories
Household Dysfunction	2.30 (1.75–3.01)^*	1.11 (0.95–1.30)	1.46 (1.20–1.78)^*	1.70 (1.22–2.37)^*
Physical Abuse	2.62 (1.98–3.47)^*	0.98 (0.77–1.24)	1.67 (1.33–2.11)^*	1.25 (0.83–1.90)
Verbal Abuse	1.98 (1.53–2.56)^*	1.14 (0.97–1.36)	1.46 (1.18–1.79)^*	1.57 (1.13–2.19)^*
Sexual Abuse	1.47 (1.08–1.99)^*	1.16 (0.93–1.45)	1.69 (1.34–2.13)^*	1.37 (0.94–2.01)
Model 2: Adjusted^a
*Count*
0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
1	1.40 (0.94–2.08)	1.22 (1.003–1.48)^*	1.00 (0.76–1.31)	1.32 (0.86–2.02)
2	1.56 (1.03–2.37)^*	0.98 (0.76–1.27)	1.21 (0.91–1.60)	0.85 (0.52–1.39)
3	1.72 (1.04–2.83)^*	1.35 (1.03–1.76)^*	1.38 (0.99–1.94)	1.34 (0.76–2.37)
4	2.40 (1.56–3.69)^*	1.25 (0.89–1.74)	1.70 (1.23–2.36)^*	0.81 (0.44–1.51)
5+	2.55 (1.74–3.74)^*	1.31 (0.96–1.79)	1.85 (1.42–2.43)^*	1.03 (0.64–1.66)
Categories
Household Dysfunction	1.67 (1.26–2.22)^*	1.09 (0.93–1.28)	1.22 (1.01–1.48)^*	1.03 (0.74–1.44)
Physical Abuse	2.04 (1.50–2.78)^*	0.92 (0.71–1.19)	1.36 (1.10–1.70)^*	0.83 (0.54–1.28)
Verbal Abuse	1.62 (1.25–2.10)^*	1.16 (0.97–1.38)	1.35 (1.11–1.64)^*	0.99 (0.71–1.39)
Sexual Abuse	1.19 (0.88–1.61)	1.13 (0.91–1.40)	1.53 (1.25–1.88)^*	1.06 (0.72–1.55)

ACEs, Adverse Childhood Events; BRFSS, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; CI, 95% Confidence Interval; PR, Prevalence Ratio

Adjusted for age, race/ethnicity, education, emotional support, healthcare coverage

In adjusted models, BMI and binge drinking status were included.

Normal weight (n=1,753); overweight (n=949); obese (n=652)

In adjusted models, current smoking status and binge drinking status were included.

In adjusted models, current smoking and BMI were included.

Significant upward trend for smoking and obesity in fully-adjusted models (both p-value < 0.05).

Significant p-value < 0.05.