Table 4.
Effect of lipid supplement on milk fatty acid composition in experiment 1 (least square mean results as g/100 g fatty acids)
| Treatments 1 | P 2 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fatty acid | Control | CPO | EL | CPLO | MR | SEM 3 | Period | Diet |
| 4:0 | 2.63 | 2.55 | 2.68 | 2.71 | 2.64 | 0.054 | 0.021 | 0.194 |
| 6:0 | 1.76 | 1.65 | 1.76 | 1.64 | 1.72 | 0.056 | 0.109 | 0.185 |
| 8:0 | 1.14a | 1.04ab | 1.10a | 0.97b | 1.13a | 0.063 | 0.026 | 0.035 |
| 10:0 | 2.86a | 2.50ab | 2.75a | 2.22b | 2.63a | 0.186 | 0.019 | 0.029 |
| 10:1 cis-9 | 0.28 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.26 | 0.25 | 0.020 | <0.001 | 0.122 |
| 12:0 | 3.78 | 3.29 | 3.57 | 2.97 | 3.42 | 0.231 | 0.035 | 0.059 |
| 12:1 cis-9 | 0.10 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.09 | 0.008 | 0.017 | 0.264 |
| 13:0 | 0.11 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.08 | 0.09 | 0.008 | 0.120 | 0.080 |
| 13:0 iso | 0.032b | 0.030c | 0.035a | 0.027d | 0.029cd | 0.002 | 0.036 | <0.001 |
| 13:0 anteiso | 0.087 | 0.079 | 0.080 | 0.072 | 0.077 | 0.0063 | 0.005 | 0.410 |
| 14:0 | 11.4a | 10.3b | 10.9ab | 10.3b | 10.6b | 0.40 | 0.003 | 0.015 |
| 14:0 iso | 0.087a | 0.072c | 0.080ab | 0.077bc | 0.084ab | 0.0078 | 0.038 | 0.017 |
| 14:1 trans-9 | 0.27a | 0.23c | 0.25b | 0.23c | 0.24bc | 0.006 | <0.001 | 0.007 |
| 14:1 cis-9 | 1.07 | 0.98 | 0.96 | 0.96 | 0.90 | 0.080 | 0.009 | 0.299 |
| 15:0 | 1.14a | 0.90c | 1.00b | 0.91bc | 0.93bc | 0.054 | 0.075 | 0.003 |
| 15:0 anteiso | 0.56a | 0.48c | 0.51b | 0.45d | 0.46d | 0.019 | 0.045 | <0.001 |
| 16:0 | 31.4ab | 32.5a | 28.7bc | 27.9c | 27.2c | 0.65 | 0.594 | 0.022 |
| 16:0 iso | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.022 | 0.002 | 0.872 |
| 16:1 trans-6+7+8 | 0.048 | 0.078 | 0.057 | 0.126 | 0.086 | 0.0234 | 0.178 | 0.151 |
| 16:1 trans-9 | 0.058b | 0.062c | 0.058b | 0.068a | 0.055b | 0.0092 | 0.265 | 0.024 |
| 16:1 trans-11+12+13 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.19 | 0.18 | 0.008 | 0.868 | 0.101 |
| 16:1 cis-9 4 | 1.32 | 1.33 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.06 | 0.095 | 0.098 | 0.117 |
| 16:1 cis-11 | 0.54a | 0.49b | 0.49b | 0.47b | 0.48b | 0.029 | 0.025 | 0.024 |
| 16:1 cis-13 | 0.21a | 0.17cd | 0.18bc | 0.16d | 0.19ab | 0.018 | 0.206 | 0.009 |
| 17:0 | 0.54a | 0.47bc | 0.49b | 0.46c | 0.48bc | 0.018 | 0.002 | <0.001 |
| 17:0 iso | 0.36a | 0.33b | 0.34ab | 0.34b | 0.34b | 0.018 | 0.002 | 0.032 |
| 17:1 cis-9 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.16 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.012 | 0.779 | 0.481 |
| 18:0 | 9.76c | 8.91d | 11.19b | 11.69b | 13.20a | 0.42 | 0.008 | 0.007 |
| 18:0 iso | 0.046 | 0.045 | 0.037 | 0.038 | 0.037 | 0.0052 | 0.458 | 0.105 |
| 18:1 trans total | 2.84c | 3.11bc | 3.30bc | 4.07a | 3.30b | 0.153 | 0.221 | 0.006 |
| 18:1 cis total | 20.1 | 22.2 | 21.9 | 23.2 | 22.9 | 0.75 | 0.098 | 0.066 |
| Non-CLA 18:2 total 5 | 2.94bc | 2.94c | 3.26a | 3.17ab | 2.85c | 0.155 | 0.107 | 0.006 |
| CLA total | 0.58bc | 0.64b | 0.59b | 0.73a | 0.54c | 0.052 | 0.210 | 0.028 |
| 18:3 n-6 | 0.032a | 0.029a | 0.029a | 0.023b | 0.023b | 0.0057 | 0.398 | 0.012 |
| 18:3 n-3 | 0.59c | 0.52c | 0.92a | 0.80b | 0.59c | 0.044 | 0.116 | <0.001 |
| 19:0 6 | 0.035c | 0.049a | 0.043ab | 0.047ab | 0.042bc | 0.0053 | 0.024 | 0.011 |
| 20:0 | 0.15b | 0.14d | 0.15c | 0.15b | 0.20a | 0.007 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| 20:1 cis-11 | 0.052c | 0.058b | 0.056bc | 0.059b | 0.071a | 0.0019 | 0.030 | 0.002 |
| 20:2 n-6 | 0.033 | 0.028 | 0.028 | 0.027 | 0.024 | 0.0023 | 0.011 | 0.077 |
| 20:3 n-3 | 0.020 | 0.009 | 0.014 | 0.011 | 0.057 | 0.0058 | 0.087 | 0.059 |
| 20:4 n-6 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.13 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.008 | 0.631 | 0.152 |
| 20:5 n-3 | 0.053b | 0.044c | 0.065a | 0.054b | 0.047bc | 0.0037 | 0.404 | <0.001 |
| 22:0 | 0.14 | 0.14 | 0.12 | 0.11 | 0.13 | 0.017 | 0.345 | 0.126 |
| 22:4 n-6 | 0.033 | 0.034 | 0.034 | 0.030 | 0.034 | 0.0037 | 0.502 | 0.837 |
| 22:5 n-3 | 0.089a | 0.078b | 0.084ab | 0.081b | 0.084ab | 0.0067 | 0.524 | 0.049 |
| Σ SFA | 68.0a | 66.3ab | 65.6ab | 62.8c | 65.1bc | 0.90 | 0.073 | 0.021 |
| Σ SFA ⩽14:0 | 23.7 | 21.8 | 24.0 | 20.8 | 22.4 | 0.86 | 0.060 | 0.215 |
| Σ trans total | 4.11d | 4.37cd | 4.84b | 5.68a | 4.66bc | 0.172 | 0.080 | <0.001 |
| Σ trans MUFA | 3.40c | 3.67bc | 3.87ab | 4.72a | 3.91b | 0.154 | 0.098 | 0.003 |
| Σ cis MUFA | 23.8b | 25.1ab | 25.0ab | 27.2a | 26.3a | 0.73 | 0.137 | 0.046 |
| Σ n-6 PUFA | 2.53a | 2.57a | 2.60a | 2.49a | 2.37b | 0.16 | 0.113 | 0.012 |
| Σ n-3 PUFA | 0.91c | 0.81c | 1.37a | 1.22b | 0.90c | 0.048 | 0.141 | <0.001 |
| n-6 : n-3 | 2.71b | 3.12a | 2.02c | 2.06c | 2.59b | 0.075 | 0.609 | <0.001 |
SFA=saturated fatty acids; MUFA=monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA=polyunsaturated fatty acids.
a,b,c,dWhere there is an overall diet effect, values within rows with differing superscripts are significantly (P<0.05) different.
CPO, EL, CPLO and MR are diets containing 350 g oil/day equivalent of calcium salts of palm oil, extruded linseed, calcium salts of palm and linseed oil and milled rapeseed, respectively.
Refers to the significance of overall effect of period and diet.
SEM for n=20 measurements.
Co-elutes with 17:0 anteiso.
All 18:2 isomers excluding CLA.
Co-elutes with cis-15 18:1.