Effects of vehicle or MLCK inhibitor (ML-7) pretreatment on changes in permeability (passage of EDTA radiolabeled with Chromium-51 [CrEDTA; Amersham Biosciences] from the intestinal lumen to the blood) (A), macroscopic-damage score (B), and MPO activity (C) in mice that have received intracolonically the PAR1-activating peptide TFLLR-NH2 or saline. (D–F) Macroscopic-damage score (D), MPO activity (E), and wall thickness (F) in the colon of WT (C57BL/6), SCID, or RAG–/– mice. Values are mean ± SEM; n = 8 per group. *Significantly different from vehicle-treated mice for A–C, and from mice treated with control peptide (RLLFT-NH2) for D–F, P < 0.05. +Significantly different from saline-treated mice, P < 0.01. TF, TFLLR-NH2; RL, RLLFT-NH2.