Table 2.

Relative Hazards of AF with HRV Decrease

Measure	Model 1*		Model 2†		Model 3‡		Model 4§
	HR∥	95% CI	HR∥	95% CI	HR∥	95% CI	HR∥	95% CI
Mean RR interval	1.01	0.96-1.06	0.96	0.92-1.01	0.91	0.83-1.00	0.91	0.83-1.01
Log (SDNN)	1.18	1.13-1.25	1.10	1.05-1.16	1.14	1.08-1.21	1.12	1.06-1.19
Log (RMSSD)	1.07	1.02-1.13	1.04	0.99-1.10	1.07	1.01-1.14	1.06	1.00-1.12
Log (HF)	1.14	1.09-1.20	1.11	1.06-1.17	1.12	1.06-1.17	1.10	1.05-1.16
Log (LF)	1.24	1.18-1.30	1.16	1.11-1.22	1.17	1.11-1.23	1.16	1.10-1.22
Log (LF/HF)	1.15	1.09-1.21	1.08	1.03-1.14	1.08	1.03-1.14	1.08	1.03-1.14

^*Model 1: adjusted for age, race, and sex.

^†Model 2: adjusted for adjusted for model 1 covariates, and prevalent CHD, diabetes, hypertension, prevalent heart failure, smoking status, alcohol intake, education level, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, study center, and BMI.

^‡Model 3: adjusted for model 2 covariates, and heart rate (no change with additional adjustment of Cornell voltage).

^§Model 4: adjusted for model 3 covariates, and incident CHD, and incident heart failure.

^∥Hazard ratios (HR) are expressed per SD lower heart rate variability (HRV) measures.

AF = atrial fibrillation; CI = confidence interval; other abbreviations as in Table 1.