Table 6.

Predictors of complications, NSQIP 2005–2013. Characteristics significant in univariate analysis are shown in bold. For the multivariate model, all characteristics with significant univariate associations were included, except ventilator dependence, since there were not enough data to include it for multivariate regression. n/s = not significant; n/a= not applicable.

Characteristic	No complication (%)	Complication (%)	Univariate Odds Ratio (95% CI) or t-test p-value	Multivariate Odds Ratio (95% CI)
Age (years)	43.4 ±16.1	56.0 ±16.3	p < 0.0001	1.04 (1.02, 1.05)
Height (in.)	66.7 ±4.1	67.1 ±4.0	p = 0.382
Weight (lbs.)	177.9 ±45.6	181.4±51.9	p = 0.528
ASA	2.6 ±0.6	3.0 ±0.6	p< 0.0001	1.96 (1.25, 3.09)
Gender
Female	206 (52.8)	33 (38.8)	1 [reference]
Male	182 (46.7)	52 (61.2)	1.78 (1.10, 2.88)	1.87 (1.12, 3.14)
Hispanic Ethnicity
No	329 (84.4)	76 (89.4)	1 [reference]
Yes	39 (10.0)	7 (8.2)	0.78 (0.33, 1.80)
Race
White	313 (80.3)	72 (84.7)	1 [reference]
Black or African American	14 (3.6)	3 (3.5)	0.93 (0.26, 3.33)
American Indian or Alaska Native	2 (0.5)	2 (2.4)	4.35 (0.60, 31.38)
Asian or Pacific Islander	12 (3.1)	4 (4.7)	1.45 (0.45, 4.62)
Diabetes
No	375 (96.2)	78 (91.8)	1 [reference]
Yes	14 (3.6)	6 (7.1)	2.06 (0.77, 5.53)
Dyspnea
No	381 (97.7)	81 (95.3)	1 [reference]
Yes	8 (2.1)	4 (4.7)	2.35 (0.69, 8.00)
Ventilator dependent				n/a
No	389 (99.7)	77 (90.6)	1 [reference]
Yes	1 (0.3)	8 (9.4)	40.42 (4.98, 327.81)
Hypertension				n/s
No	313 (80.3)	49 (57.6)	1 [reference]
Yes	77 (19.7)	36 (42.4)	2.99 (1.82, 4.91)
Chronic steroid use
No	365 (93.6)	75 (88.2)	1 [reference]
Yes	25 (6.4)	10 (11.8)	1.95 (0.90, 4.22)
Disseminated cancer				n/s
No	375 (96.2)	75 (88.2)	1 [reference]
Yes	15 (3.8)	10 (11.8)	3.33 (1.44, 7.70)
Bleeding disorder
No	385 (98.7)	78 (91.8)	1 [reference]	1 [reference]
Yes	5 (1.3)	7 (8.2)	6.91 (2.14, 22.34)	5.26 (1.12, 24.59)