Table 1. Subject demographics and baseline characteristics.
| Healthy group mean (sd) | Diabetes group mean (sd) | Reference interval | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total number of participants | 23 | 21 | |
| Age (years) | 60.8 (6.3) | 61.7 (6.9) | |
| Female (n) / male (n) | 2 / 21 | 2 / 19 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 27.0 (3.1) | 28.6 (3.5) | |
| Ethnicity | 100% white | 100% white | |
| Number of blood donations per donor in 2014 | 3.6 (0.79) | 2.1 (1.67) | |
| Diabetes medication: | |||
| metformin (n) | 0 | 10 | |
| metformin & sulfonylurea (n) | 0 | 7 | |
| metformin & DPP-4 inhibitor (n) | 0 | 1 | |
| metformin & DPP-4 inhibitor & sulfonylurea (n) | 0 | 2 | |
| metformin & GLP-1 mimetic & sulfonylurea (n) | 0 | 1 | |
| Baseline hemoglobin (g/dL) female | 12.9 (0.33) | 14.0 (1.37) | 12.1–16.1 |
| Baseline hemoglobin (g/dL) male | 14.5 (0.92) | 14.0 (0.80) | 13.7–17.7 |
| Baseline HbA1c (%) | 5.6 (0.38) | 6.8 (0.74) | 4.0–6.0 |
| Baseline HbA1c (mmol/mol) | 37.9 (4.2) | 51.5 (8.0) | 20–42 |
| Baseline ferritin (μg/L) female | 32.5 (16.3) | 34 (8.5) | 20–150 |
| Baseline ferritin (μg/L) male | 37.1 (24.3) | 58.4 (35.6) | 30–350 |
| Baseline vitamin B12 (pmol/L) | 300 (84.7) | 348 (192.7) | 150–700 |
| Baseline folic acid (nmol/L) | 21.5 (7.2) | 20.6 (6.4) | 5–40 |
DDP-4: dipeptidyl peptidase-4, GLP-1: glucagon-like peptide-1