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. 2017 Jan 24;12(1):e0170641. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170641

Fig 4. Effectiveness of the VMMC program in Zambia assuming different male circumcision efficacy levels against male-to-female HIV transmission.

Fig 4

A) The panel shows the effectiveness of the VMMC program, assuming 20% efficacy for male circumcision against male-to-female HIV transmission, including i) only HIV-negative males, ii) HIV-positive males as per current program data, and iii) proportion of HIV-positive males, based on their representation in the population. B) The panel shows the effectiveness of the VMMC program including a proportion of HIV-positive males, based on their representation in the population, but assuming i) 0% efficacy, ii) 20% efficacy, and iii) 46% efficacy against male-to-female HIV transmission. Effectiveness is defined as the number of VMMCs needed to avert one HIV infection.