Table 4.
Results of the regression analyses between balance confidence and the quiet standing, walking, and reactive stepping outcome measures. The measures in the left-hand column represent the dependent variables in the regression equation.
| Measures | Predictor variable | Mean (SD) | Parameter estimate | Partial R2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Walking (N=61) | |||||
|
| |||||
| Velocity (m/s) | ABC score | 0.97 (0.33) | 0.010 | 0.29 | <0.001‡ |
| Age | 0.006 | 0.095 | 0.020 | ||
| Sex | −0.22 | 0.17 | 0.0015‡ | ||
| Time since stroke | −0.10 | 0.14 | 0.0045 | ||
| Affected side of the body | −0.12 | 0.065 | 0.055 | ||
| Double support time*(% gait cycle) | ABC score | 33.1 (7.2) | −0.49 | 0.25 | <0.001‡ |
| Time since stroke | 6.60 | 0.15 | 0.0028‡ | ||
| History of falling | −10.16 | 0.094 | 0.018 | ||
| Step length variability* (cm) | ABC score | 3.0 (1.1) | −0.18 | 0.028 | 0.20 |
| Step width variability (cm) | ABC score | 11.9 (4.3) | −0.13 | 0.23 | <0.001‡ |
| Age | −0.11 | 0.10 | 0.013 | ||
| Affected side of the body | −1.63 | 0.047 | 0.099 | ||
| Step time variability* (ms) | ABC score | 32 (22) | −0.53 | 0.24 | <0.001‡ |
| Age | −0.44 | 0.12 | 0.0081 | ||
| Sex | 8.65 | 0.076 | 0.037 | ||
| Time since stroke | 3.79 | 0.056 | 0.074 | ||
ABC: Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale; SD: standard deviation.
*
Rank transformations for continuous measures that violated the assumption of normality.
‡
Significant model following Holm-Bonferroni adjustment (α=0.004).