Figure 4.

Circadian Oscillations in Lymphocyte Egress from LNs

(A) Oscillations of total leukocyte (left panel) and lymphocyte (right panel) counts in efferent lymph over 24 hr; n = 6–33 mice, one-way ANOVA.

(B) Lymph leukocyte count oscillations under light-dark (LD) and dark-dark (DD) conditions; n = 3–37 mice, one-way ANOVA.

(C and D) Remaining cellular numbers (in %) in lymph node (C) and lymph (D) over 24 hr after block of leukocyte homing. Lymph node: n = 3–10 mice; lymph: n = 3–6 mice, unpaired Student’s t test.

(E) Lymph CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T cell counts in T cell-specific Bmal1^−/− mice; n = 3–8 mice, one-way ANOVA.

(F) Remaining cells (in %) in lymph nodes of adoptively transferred control and BMAL1-deficient CD4⁺ T cells 12 hr after transfer; n = 4–13, unpaired Student’s t test.

(G) Mathematical model of leukocyte homing and egress. The model is expressed as a line based on the indicated data points. ^∗p < 0.05, ^∗∗p < 0.01, ^∗∗∗∗p < 0.0001. All data are represented as mean ± SEM. See also Figures S2–S4.