Table 3.
Studies on PDT use in nail diseases
| First author [Ref.] | Patients, n | Photosensitizer | Incubation time | Light source | Treatment session and duration |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fernández-Guarino [79] | 14 (NP) | 16% MAL | 3 h | Pulse dye laser | 6 sessions at 4-week interval |
| Aspiroz [80] | 1 (O) | 16% MAL | 3 h | Red light (635 nm) at 37 J/cm2 | 3 sessions at 2-week interval |
| Watanabe [83] | 2 (O) | 20% ALA | 5 h | Pulsed laser light (630 nm) at 100 J/cm2 | 6–7 sessions at 1-week interval |
| Piraccini [84] | 1 (O) | 16% MAL | 3 h | Red light (630 nm) at 37 J/cm2 | 3 sessions at 2-week interval |
| Sotiriou [85] | 30 (O) | 20% ALA | 3 h | Red light (570–670 nm) at 40 J/cm2 | 3 sessions at 2-week interval |
| Robres [86] | Literature review (O) | 16% MAL | 3 h | Red light (630 nm) at 37 J/cm2 | 3 sessions at 1- to 2-week interval |
| Souza [87] | 22 (O) | 2% methylene blue | None | Red light (630 nm) at 36 J/cm2 | 12 sessions at 2-week interval |
O, onychomycosis; NP, nail psoriasis.