Table 5.
Necropsy results for the mice in the longevity studies shown in Fig. 1a, b, d
| Organ | Pathology | Dietary treatment | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control (n = 72)a | Simvastatin (n = 35) | SimRam (n = 36) | Candesartan (n = 36) | Combined simvastatin and SimRamb (n = 71) | |||||||||||
| No.c | (%)d | No. | (%) | P valuee | No. | (%) | P value | No. | (%) | P value | No. | (%) | P value | ||
| Spleen | Enlarged/tumorous | 43 | 59.7 | 26 | 74.3 | 0.288 | 14 | 38.9 | 0.065 | 20 | 55.6 | 0.685 | 40 | 56.3 | 0.614 |
| Liver | Hemangioma | 7 | 9.7 | 1 | 2.9 | 0.265 | 3 | 8.3 | 1.000 | 1 | 2.8 | 0.265 | 4 | 5.6 | 0.532 |
| Enlarged/fatty liver | 3 | 4.2 | 2 | 5.7 | 1.000 | 3 | 8.3 | 0.398 | 6 | 16.7 | 0.058 | 5 | 7.0 | 0.494 | |
| Tumor | 23 | 31.9 | 16 | 45.7 | 0.211 | 13 | 36.1 | 0.671 | 12 | 33.3 | 1.000 | 29 | 40.8 | 0.386 | |
| Intestine | Tumor | 9 | 12.5 | 6 | 17.1 | 0.566 | 6 | 16.7 | 0.566 | 1 | 2.8 | 0.160 | 12 | 16.9 | 0.488 |
| Lung | Tumor-metastatic | 11 | 15.3 | 6 | 17.1 | 1.000 | 4 | 11.1 | 0.769 | 1 | 2.8 | 0.058 | 10 | 14.1 | 1.000 |
| Tumor-benign | 0 | 0.0 | 6 | 17.1 | 0.001 | 1 | 2.8 | 0.333 | 2 | 5.6 | 0.109 | 7 | 9.9 | 0.006 | |
| Penis | Necrosed/inflamed | 6 | 8.3 | 4 | 11.4 | 0.728 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.176 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.176 | 4 | 5.6 | 0.745 |
| Seminal vesicle | Enlarged | 3 | 4.2 | 5 | 14.3 | 0.114 | 2 | 5.6 | 1.000 | 6 | 16.7 | 0.058 | 7 | 9.9 | 0.208 |
| Bladder | Distended | 11 | 15.3 | 4 | 11.4 | 0.769 | 4 | 11.1 | 0.769 | 2 | 5.6 | 0.212 | 8 | 11.3 | 0.623 |
| Kidney | Enlarged/tumorous | 3 | 4.2 | 5 | 14.3 | 0.114 | 2 | 5.6 | 1.000 | 2 | 5.6 | 1.000 | 7 | 9.9 | 0.208 |
| Thymus | Enlarged | 1 | 1.4 | 1 | 2.9 | 1.000 | 2 | 5.6 | 0.257 | 1 | 2.8 | 1.000 | 3 | 4.2 | 0.366 |
| Skin/abdominal cavity | Fibroma | 4 | 5.6 | 2 | 5.7 | 1.000 | 0 | 0.0 | 0.299 | 4 | 11.1 | 0.437 | 2 | 2.8 | 0.681 |
| Body cavity | Hemorrhage | 11 | 15.3 | 10 | 28.6 | 0.131 | 13 | 36.1 | 0.025 | 8 | 22.2 | 0.425 | 23 | 32.4 | 0.0190 |
aNumber of necropsied mice in each group. Not all mice in the control group were necropsied. The necropsied control mice were chosen to approximate the ages at death of the SimRam-treated mice
bThe necropsy results of the simvastatin monotherapy and the SimRam treatment groups in each category were combined and analyzed for differences in occurrence relative to the control group
cNumber of necropsied mice in each treatment group with the indicated pathologies. One mouse from the simvastatin treatment group was cannibalized and could not be necropsied
dThe percent of necropsied mice in each group with the indicated pathologies
eFisher’s exact test was utilized to investigate the association between the pathologies and treatments, relative to the controls. This measure of significance used 42 individual tests. The P values are two-sided. Values indicative of significance are shown in bold for convenience