KV4366 was grown in LBS and spotted onto LBS(-Tris) (A) or LBS(-Tris) with 425 mM NaCl (B), 35 mM MgSO4 (C), 5 mM CaCl2 (D), or LBS-Opt (E). Images were captured at the same magnification at the indicated times, and asterisks indicate the time at which wrinkling became visible. At the last time point colonies were disturbed with a toothpick. Images in parts A-D are selections from Figs 2, 4, 5 and 6. To measure syp locus transcription, ΔsypA mutant strains carrying a PsypA-lacZ transcriptional reporter and a plasmid overproducing RscS (pKG11/ΔsypA) or vector control (pKV69/ΔsypA) were grown in LBS(-Tris) or LBS-Opt at 24°C for 24 h and assayed for β-galactosidase activity (F). Error bars represent the standard deviation of at least three biological replicates. *, P<0.05. To assess the effect of LBS-OPT on growth, KV4366 was grown with shaking at 24°C (blue circles) and 28°C (red triangles) in LBS(-Tris) (solid line) or LBS-Opt (dotted line), and the absorbance at 600 nm was measured each hour (G).