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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Hepatology. 2016 Nov 30;65(2):710–721. doi: 10.1002/hep.28886

Figure 1. Roadmap for producing stem cell-derived models to improve mechanistic understanding and prediction of human DILI.

Figure 1

The physiological, pharmacological and toxicological characterisation of stem cell-derived hepatocytes is necessary before the cells can be fully utilised. This will include the use of toxicity/stress reporters, and a small panel of well-defined chemicals, thereby defining the toxicological purpose for which each line is suitable. This will position the new cells within a screening toolbox that could be validated for drug/chemical safety evaluation. The use of iPSC lines with drug toxicity-relevant mutations and the use of CRISPR technology to edit genes involved in drug metabolism may also be important in this regard.

Abbreviation: AOP = Adverse Outcome Pathway