Fig. 3.

Schematic illustration of a subset of the major classical (left column) and skating (right column) techniques used in cross-country skiing. DP double poling: mainly used on level to moderate uphill terrain. Poles are employed simultaneously with no leg push. DP _kick kick double poling: mainly used on moderate uphill terrain. Poles are employed simultaneously with one leg push. DS diagonal stride: mainly used on moderate to steep uphill terrain. Arms and legs move in a diagonal fashion, with the poling action occurring with the contra-lateral leg push. G2 gear 2 (or V1 skate): mainly used on moderate to steep uphill terrain. Asymmetric poling action for every second leg push. G3 gear 3 (or V2 skate): mainly used on level to moderate uphill terrain. One symmetric poling action for each leg push. G4 gear 4 (or V2 alternate skate): mainly used on level terrain. One symmetric poling action for every second leg push. The double-push skating technique (not illustrated) is a derivative of G3 and involves two pushes with the propulsive leg, rather than one