Figure 1.

PRISMA flow chart

DP=dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine. AL=artemether-lumefantrine. A second trial²⁹ reporting on the use of DP for rescue treatment among pregnant women included nine women who received at least two courses of DP (six received three courses and three received two courses), but all women had also received a preceding course of either quinine or intravenous artesunate with or without clindamycin, and there were no control women who had not received DP. *One trial²⁸ comparing seasonal malaria chemoprevention (SMC) with sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine plus amodiaquine vs placebo SMC (passive case detection and case management with either DP or AL during the malaria transmissions season) was excluded because only 27 of 800 children (3·4%) in placebo SMC group (ie, the DP case management group) received two or more courses of DP and safety data by number of courses received were not available.