TABLE 2.
Summary of results from multivariate analyses assessing the association between serum potassium and incident diabetes mellitus over 8 y1
| Serum potassium, mmol/L |
||||
| <4.1 | 4.1 to < 4.3 | 4.3 to < 4.5 | ≥4.5 | |
| Cases of incident diabetes mellitus,2 n (%) | 125 (23.41) | 88 (20.23) | 72 (14.85) | 113 (16.07) |
| Model 13 | 1.0 (ref) | 0.84 (0.62, 1.15) | 0.59 (0.43, 0.82)* | 0.63 (0.47, 0.84)* |
| Model 24 | 1.0 (ref) | 0.91 (0.59, 1.38) | 0.57 (0.36, 0.90)* | 0.66 (0.44, 1.00)* |
| Model 3, stratified by normal aldosterone (n = 1163)5 | 1.0 (ref) | 0.83 (0.51, 1.34) | 0.54 (0.33, 0.90)* | 0.61 (0.39, 0.97)* |
| Model 3, stratified by high-normal aldosterone (n = 202)5 | 1.0 (ref) | 1.97 (0.63, 6.10) | 0.84 (0.20, 3.50) | 0.89 (0.25, 3.20) |
| Model 3, nonusers of diuretics (n = 935)5 | 1.0 (ref) | 0.94 (0.51, 1.72) | 0.66 (0.36, 1.21) | 0.64 (0.36, 1.11) |
| Model 3, patients with estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥60 mL/min and normal aldosterone (n = 1143)5 | 1.0 (ref) | 0.87 (0.54, 1.41) | 0.55 (0.33, 0.92)* | 0.63 (0.39, 1.00)* |
1
Values are ORs (95% CIs) determined by multivariable logistic regression, unless otherwise indicated. P-interaction between serum potassium and aldosterone = 0.046. *Statistically significant.
2
P < 0.01, chi-square analysis.
3
Adjusted for age and sex.
4
Adjusted for covariates from Model 1, in addition to BMI, waist circumference, serum sodium and creatinine, physical activity, family history of diabetes mellitus, presence of hypertension, systolic blood pressure, use of diuretics, fasting glucose and insulin, and income.
5
Adjusted for covariates from Models 1 and 2, in addition to aldosterone.